Adaptive current differential protection for active distribution network considering time synchronization error

Zhou, Chenghan; Zou, Guibin; Du, Xiaoze; Zang, Lindong

doi:10.1016/j.ijepes.2022.108085

Cited by 33 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…However, the protection may fail in two cases, i.e., in the section with generators at two ends with large DG capacity on the load side, and when there is a fault with large transition resistance. For these problems, differential protection schemes based on current phasor are proposed in [15][16][17], while a protection scheme only using the phase angle is proposed in [18]. However, the phase angle of fault current supplied by an IIDG is related to the voltage at the point of common coupling (PCC).…”

Section: Open Accessmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A d-axis based current differential protection scheme for an active distribution network

Zang

Zou

Zhou

et al. 2022

Prot Control Mod Power Syst

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The emergence of distributed generators has changed the operational mode and fault characteristics of the distribution network, in a way which can severely influence protection. This paper proposes a d-axis-based current differential protection scheme. The d-axis current characteristics of inverter-interfaced distributed generators and synchronous generators are analyzed. The differential protection criterion using sampling values of the d-axis current component is then constructed. Compared to conventional phase-based current differential protection, the proposed protection reduces the number of required communication channels, and is suitable for distribution networks with inverter-interfaced distributed generators with complex fault characteristics. Finally, a 10 kV active distribution network model is built in the PSCAD platform and protection prototypes are developed in RTDS. Superior sensitivity and fast speed are verified by simulation and RTDS-based tests.

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Section: Open Accessmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Three-phase short-circuit external faults are set at f 1 , f 2 , f 4 and f 5 respectively to verify the effectiveness of the proposed protection scheme. The faults occur at 0.4s, and S diff and S res are calculated according to ( 14)- (17). The simulation results are shown in Table 1 and Fig.…”

Section: External Faultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A d-axis based current differential protection scheme for an active distribution network

Zang

Zou

Zhou

et al. 2022

Prot Control Mod Power Syst

Self Cite

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“…Impedance-based differential protection requires a voltage transformer, which is costly and generates ferromagnetic resonance [26]. Differential protection based on current amplitude is proposed to avoid voltage transformers [27][28][29], but it is not suited for networks with high penetration DG access. The principles of current polarity comparison and fault current phase comparison are provided in [30,31], however, the IIDG output follows the grid voltage, lowering the sensitivity of the approach.…”

Section: Table I Advantages and Disadvantages Of Improved Differentia...mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Differential Protection Scheme Based on Improved DTW Algorithm for Distribution Networks With Highly-Penetrated Distributed Generation

et al. 2023

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Differential protection has been introduced into the distribution network to address the ineffectiveness of traditional protection due to the uncertainties of power flow caused by the access of multiple inverter-interfaced distributed generation (IIDG). Designed for lower data synchronization costs, this paper proposes a novel differential protection scheme based on improved dynamic time warping (DTW) distance. The proposed algorithm can effectively alleviate the singularity caused by DTW's excessive X-axis distortion through relaxation search and derivative estimation and minimize the impact of data synchronization errors and data loss. Based on the proposed algorithm, the protection scheme combined with the feeder terminal unit (FTU) for fast fault isolation is designed, which can make full use of the existing equipment and reduce costs. Moreover, multiple influencing factors considered in this scheme, including transition resistance, penetration rate, and output intermittency of IIDG, variable network topology, underground cables, and hybrid lines. The test results demonstrate that the proposed protection scheme can effectively isolate short-circuit faults in various scenarios. INDEX TERMSDistribution network, improved DTW, differential current protection, inverter-interfaced distributed generation, positive sequence current, feeder terminal unit NOMENCLATURE Abbreviations IIDG Inverter-interfaced distributed generation DTW Dynamic time warping FTU Feeder terminal unit PSC Positive sequence current RS-DDTW The relaxed search derivative dynamic time warping DDTW Derivative dynamic time warping FDSS Fault data self-synchronization RDD The relaxed search derivative dynamic time warping distance RDDset The proposed protection threshold PSCDP Positive sequence current differential protection VSI Voltage source inverter PCC The point of common coupling TCDP Traditional current differential protection sx Protection device of each section cs Interconnection switch FtThe fault type RtThe transition resistance FLThe fault location I. INTRODUCTIONRecently, many countries have vigorously advocated new energy to relieve the energy crisis, improve the environment, and achieve the goal of "dual-carbon". Large numbers of Inverter-interfaced DG (IIDG) are permitted to be connected to the distribution network, making the grid structure flat, distributed and localized [1,2].However, the deployment of IIDG transforms the simple radial distribution network into a complicated decentralized multi-source network, hence, altering powerflow direction and voltage distribution [3]. Due to the access of IIDG, the fault current no longer exhibits a stepped distribution which can result in refusal operation and misoperation of traditional

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“…Chisava et al [14] proposed a differential protection method based on the time-domain analysis of the voltage and current signals. To meet the data synchronization requirement of differential protection, some references also presented improved current differential protection methods [15][16][17] and other differential protection, such as impedance differential protection [18] and power differential protection [19]. However, these references do not address the uncertainty of PV output.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution Line Longitudinal Protection Method Based on Virtual Measurement Current Restraint

Wang,

Yu,

Luo

et al. 2024

ENERGY

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As an effective approach to achieve the "dual-carbon" goal, the grid-connected capacity of renewable energy increases constantly. Photovoltaics are the most widely used renewable energy sources and have been applied on various occasions. However, the inherent randomness, intermittency, and weak support of grid-connected equipment not only cause changes in the original flow characteristics of the grid but also result in complex fault characteristics. Traditional overcurrent and differential protection methods cannot respond accurately due to the effects of unknown renewable energy sources. Therefore, a longitudinal protection method based on virtual measurement of current restraint is proposed in this paper. The positive sequence current data and the network parameters are used to calculate the virtual measurement current which compensates for the output current of photovoltaic (PV). The waveform difference between the virtual measured current and the terminal current for internal and external faults is used to construct the protection method. An improved edit distance algorithm is proposed to measure the similarity between virtual measurement current and terminal measurement current. Finally, the feasibility of the protection method is verified through PSCAD simulation.

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Adaptive current differential protection for active distribution network considering time synchronization error

Cited by 33 publications

References 38 publications

A d-axis based current differential protection scheme for an active distribution network

A d-axis based current differential protection scheme for an active distribution network

A Differential Protection Scheme Based on Improved DTW Algorithm for Distribution Networks With Highly-Penetrated Distributed Generation

Distribution Line Longitudinal Protection Method Based on Virtual Measurement Current Restraint

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