Adaptive frequency regulation strategy in multi-area microgrids including renewable energy and electric vehicles supported by virtual inertia

Abubakr, Hussein; Mohamed, Tarek Hassan; Hussein, Mahmoud M.; Guerrero, Josep M.; Tinajero, Gibran David Agundis

doi:10.1016/j.ijepes.2021.106814

Cited by 86 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Renewable energy has the benefit of employment creation, vicinity to load, and in numerous situations its reliance on a concentrated power source [8], [42], [43]. Therefore, Egypt has set a target to reach 20% of total capacity from RESs by 2022, and 42% by 2035.…”

Section: Conventional Energy In Egyptmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Energy storage systems (ESSs) can assist in the transition of energy from hydrocarbon fuels to renewable sources. In addition, they are essential to regulate fluctuating wind and solar energies [8], [138], [139]. Today, several types of electrical storage applications can be classified as mechanical, electrochemical, chemical, and thermal storage systems.…”

Section: Role Of Energy Storage Systems In Egyptmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…ESSs are designed to keep unexpected occurrences during peak and off-peak periods. The integration of ESSs with other energy generation sources significantly reduces electricity production [8]. In addition, they have acritical implications for the power generation benefits discussed in detail in [140].…”

Section: Role Of Energy Storage Systems In Egyptmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Egyptera has the authority to develop the electrical tariff structures and codes in Egypt such as Electricity Distribution Code (EDC) and Grid Code (GC) [10]. Several significant challenges have occurred due to the intermittency and uncertainty of integrating RESs into the grids such as lack of inertia and frequency deviations [8], [11]- [14], thus Energy utilities and regulators have issued administrative roles for interfacing RESs at the distribution and transmission levels. A detailed recent GCs outline for PV integration is stated in [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comprehensive Review on Renewable Energy Sources in Egypt—Current Status, Grid Codes and Future Vision

et al. 2022

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Section: Conventional Energy In Egyptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Role Of Energy Storage Systems In Egyptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Role Of Energy Storage Systems In Egyptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comprehensive Review on Renewable Energy Sources in Egypt—Current Status, Grid Codes and Future Vision

et al. 2022

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“…A central challenge is regulating the grid's frequency under high penetration levels of renewable sources. One approach for addressing this problem is to install fast-reacting storage systems with virtual inertia controllers alongside low-inertia power sources; such controllers have been extensively studied in recent years [5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. Each control method has its own benefits and limitations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Virtual Inertia Control Methods in Islanded Microgrids

et al. 2021

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Although the deployment and integration of isolated microgrids is gaining widespread support, regulation of microgrid frequency under high penetration levels of renewable sources is still being researched. Among the numerous studies on frequency stability, one key approach is based on integrating an additional loop with virtual inertia control, designed to mimic the behavior of traditional synchronous machines. In this survey, recent works related to virtual inertia control methods in islanded microgrids are reviewed. Based on a contextual analysis of recent papers from the last decade, we attempt to better understand why certain control methods are suitable for different scenarios, the currently open theoretical and numerical challenges, and which control strategies will predominate in the following years. Some of the reviewed methods are the coefficient diagram method, H-infinity-based methods, reinforcement-learning-based methods, practical-swarm-based methods, fuzzy-logic-based methods, and model-predictive controllers.

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Performance of fast responding ultracapacitor energy storage for virtual inertia emulation control

Mahajan

Verma

2022

Energy Storage

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This paper proposes a black widow optimization (BWO) algorithm‐based derivative‐type control for optimized virtual inertia (VI) emulation using fast responding ultracapacitor (UC) as energy storage system for frequency regulation in a two‐area deregulated power system composed of thermal and hydro units with high penetration of solar photovoltaic. The parameters of the system have been controlled by using newly formulated BWO and their performance have been compared for virtual inertial emulation efficacy with other algorithms under different contract obligations. The impact of the coordinated action of BWO‐based proportional‐integral (PI) controller with VI emulation has been validated on the area frequency, tie‐line power, and generated power of different units. The eigenvalue approach has been applied to verify the performance and effect of VI emulation control using fast acting UC on system stability. The proposed VI emulation control studies have been evaluated under nonlinear environment of deregulated power system. The comparative studies show that BWO optimized PI‐based VI emulation using fast responding UC provides superior dynamic responsiveness in all competitive electricity market scenarios tested under different operating conditions.

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Adaptive frequency regulation strategy in multi-area microgrids including renewable energy and electric vehicles supported by virtual inertia

Cited by 86 publications

References 46 publications

Comprehensive Review on Renewable Energy Sources in Egypt—Current Status, Grid Codes and Future Vision

Comprehensive Review on Renewable Energy Sources in Egypt—Current Status, Grid Codes and Future Vision

Virtual Inertia Control Methods in Islanded Microgrids

Performance of fast responding ultracapacitor energy storage for virtual inertia emulation control

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