Adaptive Multi-Connectivity Activation for Throughput Enhancement in 5G and Beyond Non-Terrestrial Networks

Mikko, Majamaa,; Martikainen, Henrik; Sormunen, Lauri; Puttonen, Jani

doi:10.23919/softcom55329.2022.9911400

Cited by 3 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…When using the adaptive SN addition algorithm with the combination of the even split traffic split algorithm, the average user throughputs were enhanced in all the cases when compared to using the standard SN addition logic or not activating MC at all. When using smarter traffic split, that is, the data request-based split, the differences between using the standard and adaptive SN addition algorithms were diminished (as was anticipated in [9]). Though, there was still a benefit of the adaptive SN addition.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…The algorithm is evaluated by simulations with a packet-level 5G NTN System-Level Simulator (SLS) in a scenario consisting of two LEO satellites. This article is an extension of the work presented in [9]. This article's contribution in relation to the previously published work is manyfold.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…Furthermore, simulation results with the designed MC activation and traffic split algorithms are provided. The designed adaptive MC activation algorithm is further elaborated in [9], in which it is compared against a baseline algorithm.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multi-Connectivity in 5G and Beyond Non-Terrestrial Networks

Mikko

Martikainen

Sormunen

et al. 2022

JCOMSS

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The Fifth Generation (5G) communications systems aim to serve such service classes as Ultra-Reliable Low Latency Communications (URLLC), enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB), and massive Machine-Type Communications (mMTC). To meet the growing requirements posed to mobile networks, satellites can be used to complement the Terrestrial Networks (TNs). To increase the efficiency of the satellite communications involved, bandwidth-efficient techniques should be used. Multi-Connectivity (MC) is one such technique. In MC, a User Equipment (UE), for example, a smartphone, can be connected to multiple Next Generation Node Bs (gNBs) simultaneously. In this paper, an adaptive MC activation scheme for throughput enhancement in 5G and beyond Non-Terrestrial Networks (NTNs) is presented. The algorithm is evaluated by system simulations using different traffic split algorithms, namely, even split, data request per connection and per gNB algorithms. In the considered simulation scenario, the maximum throughput enhancement of 9.1%, compared to when MC is turned off, is experienced when using the adaptive Secondary Node (SN) addition algorithm with the combination of the data request algorithms.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 80%

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Multi-Connectivity in 5G and Beyond Non-Terrestrial Networks

Mikko

Martikainen

Sormunen

et al. 2022

JCOMSS

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“…Beyond 5G and 6G, next-generation wireless network technologies have attracted attention. Beyond 5G and 6G include the requirement of extending the communication area to the sea, sky, and space, which is different from a terrestrial network [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. Communication networks that satisfy these requirements are called non-terrestrial networks (NTN) [12][13][14][15][16][17][18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on Drone Handover Methods Suitable for Multipath Interference Due to Obstacles

Hirata,

Hiraguri,

Kimura

et al. 2024

Drones

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Networks constructed in the sky are known as non-terrestrial networks (NTNs). As an example of an NTN, relay transmission using drones as radio stations enables flexible network construction in the air by performing handovers with ground stations. However, the presence of structures or obstacles in the flight path causes multipath interference; consequently, the propagation environment fluctuates significantly based on the flight. In such a communication environment, it is difficult for a drone to select an optimal ground station for a handover. Moreover, unlike a terrestrial network, the propagation environment of a flying drone is affected by structures and other factors that cause multipaths based on the flight speed and altitude, making the conditions of the propagation environment even more complex. To solve these problems, we propose handover schemes between drones and the ground that consider the multipath interference caused by obstacles. The proposed methods are used to perform handovers based on an optimal threshold of received power considering interference and avoid unnecessary handovers based on the moving speed, which makes the handover seamless. Finally, we develop a simulator that evaluates the cross layer from propagation to upper network protocols in a virtual space, including buildings, evaluate the communication quality of a drone flying in a three-dimensional space, and confirm the effectiveness of the proposed methods as well as the evaluation of the real environment.

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“…Satellites with transparent payloads act as analog radio frequency repeaters whereas satellites with regenerative payload (part of) gNB is onboard the satellite. The authors have previously researched MC in NTNs in [6]- [8], where MC activation and traffic steering algorithms for throughput enhancement were introduced. The algorithms were evaluated in a scenario with transparent payload LEO satellites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Satellite-Assisted Multi-Connectivity in Beyond 5G

Mikko

Martikainen

Puttonen

et al. 2023

2023 IEEE 24th International Symposium on a World of Wireless, Mobile and Multimedia Networks (WoWMoM)

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Due to the ongoing standardization and deployment activities, satellite networks will be supplementing the 5G and beyond Terrestrial Networks (TNs). For the satellite communications involved to be as efficient as possible, techniques to achieve that should be used. Multi-Connectivity (MC), in which a user can be connected to multiple Next Generation Node Bs simultaneously, is one such technique. However, the technique is not well-researched in the satellite environment. In this paper, an algorithm to activate MC for users in the weakest radio conditions is introduced. The algorithm operates dynamically, considering deactivation of MC to prioritize users in weaker conditions when necessary. The algorithm is evaluated with a packet-level 5G non-terrestrial network system simulator in a scenario that consists of a TN and transparent payload low earth orbit satellite. The algorithm outperforms the benchmark algorithms. The usage of MC with the algorithm increases the mean throughput of the users by 20.3% and the 5th percentile throughput by 83.5% compared to when MC is turned off.

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Adaptive Multi-Connectivity Activation for Throughput Enhancement in 5G and Beyond Non-Terrestrial Networks

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Multi-Connectivity in 5G and Beyond Non-Terrestrial Networks

Multi-Connectivity in 5G and Beyond Non-Terrestrial Networks

Study on Drone Handover Methods Suitable for Multipath Interference Due to Obstacles

Satellite-Assisted Multi-Connectivity in Beyond 5G

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