Adaptive Synchronization of Semantically Compressed Instructional Videos for Collaborative Distance Learning

Abstract

The increasing popularity of online courses has highlighted the need for collaborative learning tools for student groups. In addition, the introduction of lecture videos into the online curriculum has drawn attention to the disparity in the network resources available to students. We present an e-Learning architecture and adaptation model called AI 2 TV (Adaptive Interactive Internet Team Video), which allows groups of students to collaboratively view a video in synchrony. AI 2 TV upholds the invariant that each student will view semantically equivalent content at all times. A semantic compression model is developed to provide instructional videos at different level-of-details to accommodate dynamic network conditions and users' requirements; video player actions, like play, pause and stop, can be initiated by any group member. These features allow students to review a lecture video in tandem, facilitating the learning process. Experimental trials show that AI 2 TV successfully synchronizes instructional videos for distributed students while, at the same time, optimizing the video quality, even under conditions of fluctuating bandwidth, by adaptively adjusting the quality level for each student while still maintaining the invariant.