Adaptive temporal processing of odor stimuli

Brandão, Sofia; Silies, Marion; Martelli, Carlotta

doi:10.1007/s00441-020-03400-9

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 163 publications

(203 reference statements)

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“…In adapted conditions, response saturation is reached at lower peak firing rates and at similar concentrations than in the absence of a background, causing a compression of the ORN dynamic range. Similar results were reported in Drosophila ORNs (Martelli et al, 2013;Brandão et al, 2021).…”

Section: Background Segregation and Contrast Detection In Orn Populationssupporting

confidence: 90%

“…These changes can occur over a wide range of timescales (seconds to days; Wang et al, 1993 ; Dalton and Wysocki, 1996 ; Chaudhury et al, 2010 ; Kass et al, 2016 ), but here we will focus on relatively short–term adaptation that is most likely to be relevant for odor navigation. Moreover, we focus on the vertebrate literature as adaptation in invertebrates has been recently covered (Brandão et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Stimulus Driven Functional Transformations in the Early Olfactory System

Martelli

Storace

2021

Front. Cell. Neurosci.

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Olfactory stimuli are encountered across a wide range of odor concentrations in natural environments. Defining the neural computations that support concentration invariant odor perception, odor discrimination, and odor-background segmentation across a wide range of stimulus intensities remains an open question in the field. In principle, adaptation could allow the olfactory system to adjust sensory representations to the current stimulus conditions, a well-known process in other sensory systems. However, surprisingly little is known about how adaptation changes olfactory representations and affects perception. Here we review the current understanding of how adaptation impacts processing in the first two stages of the vertebrate olfactory system, olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs), and mitral/tufted cells.

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Section: Background Segregation and Contrast Detection In Orn Populationssupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stimulus Driven Functional Transformations in the Early Olfactory System

Martelli

Storace

2021

Front. Cell. Neurosci.

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“…ORNs have been shown to adapt during ongoing stimulation in vivo , both in larval [83] and adult [84, 85] Drosophila . The exact nature of the adaptation mechanism in the ORNs is still under investigation [84, 86, 87]. In KCs, a strong SFA conductance has conclusively been demonstrated in the cockroach [88] and the bee [89].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A neuromorphic model of olfactory processing and sparse coding in the Drosophila larva brain

Jürgensen

Khalili

Chicca

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Animal nervous systems are highly efficient in processing sensory input. The neuromorphic computing paradigm aims at the hardware implementation of similar mechanism to support novel solutions for building brain-inspired computing systems. Here, we take inspiration from sensory processing in the nervous system of the fruit fly larva. With its strongly limited computational resources of <200 neurons and <1.000 synapses the larval olfactory pathway employs fundamental computations to transform broadly tuned receptor input at the periphery into an energy efficient sparse code in the central brain. We show how this approach allows us to achieve sparse coding and increased separability of stimulus patterns in a spiking neural network, validated with both software simulation and hardware emulation on mixed-signal real-time neuromorphic hardware. We verify that feedback inhibition is the central motif to support sparseness in the spatial domain, across the neuron population, while the combination of spike frequency adaptation and feedback inhibition determines sparseness in the temporal domain. Our experiments demonstrate that such small-sized, biologically realistic neural networks, efficiently implemented on neuromorphic hardware, can achieve parallel processing and efficient encoding of sensory input at full temporal resolution.

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“…ORNs have been shown to adapt during ongoing stimulation in vivo, both in larval [91] and adult [92,93] Drosophila. The exact nature of the adaptation mechanism in the ORNs is still under investigation [92,94,95]. In KCs, a strong SFA conductance has conclusively been demonstrated in the cockroach [96] and the bee [97].…”

Section: Circuit Motifs and Cellular Adaptationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A neuromorphic model of olfactory processing and sparse coding in the Drosophila larva brain

Jürgensen¹,

Khalili²,

Chicca³

et al. 2021

Neuromorph. Comput. Eng.

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Animal nervous systems are highly efficient in processing sensory input. The neuromorphic computing paradigm aims at the hardware implementation of neural network computations to support novel solutions for building brain-inspired computing systems. Here, we take inspiration from sensory processing in the nervous system of the fruit fly larva. With its strongly limited computational resources of <200 neurons and <1.000 synapses the larval olfactory pathway employs fundamental computations to transform broadly tuned receptor input at the periphery into an energy efficient sparse code in the central brain. We show how this approach allows us to achieve sparse coding and increased separability of stimulus patterns in a spiking neural network, validated with both software simulation and hardware emulation on mixed-signal real-time neuromorphic hardware. We verify that feedback inhibition is the central motif to support sparseness in the spatial domain, across the neuron population, while the combination of spike frequency adaptation and feedback inhibition determines sparseness in the temporal domain. Our experiments demonstrate that such small-sized, biologically realistic neural networks, efficiently implemented on neuromorphic hardware, can achieve parallel processing and efficient encoding of sensory input at full temporal resolution.

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Adaptive temporal processing of odor stimuli

Cited by 10 publications

References 163 publications

Stimulus Driven Functional Transformations in the Early Olfactory System

Stimulus Driven Functional Transformations in the Early Olfactory System

A neuromorphic model of olfactory processing and sparse coding in the Drosophila larva brain

A neuromorphic model of olfactory processing and sparse coding in the Drosophila larva brain

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