ADCC‐Mediating Capacity in Children with Cow's Milk Protein Intolerance in Relation to IgG Subclass Profile of Serum Antibodies to β‐Lactoglobulin

Abstract

In a previous study sera from children with cow's milk protein intolerance (CMPI) exhibiting gastrointestinal symptoms were found to efficiently induce antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) to beta-lactoglobulin-coated cells. In contrast, sera from children with coeliac disease showed a low ADCC-mediating capacity, despite high levels of IgG anti-beta-lactoglobulin antibodies. The study described here was undertaken to evaluate whether differences in IgG subclass profile of anti-beta-lactoglobulin antibodies could explain the observed variations in the ADCC-mediating capacity. Forty-eight sera from the following groups of children were investigated: CMPI with predominantly gastrointestinal symptoms, CMPI with skin symptoms of immediate-onset, children with untreated coeliac disease and healthy references. Absorption experiments indicated that primarily IgG1 antibodies were responsible for the ADCC-mediating capacity of the sera. Accordingly, the ADCC reactivity of individual sera correlated with their IgG1 antibody levels. Sera from CMPI children with gastrointestinal symptoms, most of which had a high ADCC reactivity, also demonstrated a distinctive subclass pattern of their anti-beta-lactoglobulin antibodies with higher relative proportions of IgG1 (ratios: IgG1/IgG, IgG1/IgG3 and IgG1/IgG4) than those from the other diagnostic groups. Using logistic regression analysis, the diagnostic potential of ADCC as well as of different IgG subclass variables for the recognition of gastrointestinal symptoms caused by CMPI was evaluated. The ADCC reactivity of sera was found to be the best predictor in this model.

Human Cytochrome P450 2E1 Is a Major Autoantigen Associated with Halothane Hepatitis

“…Perhaps only the epitopes recognized by the antibodies of the halothane hepatitis patients were exposed on the surface of hepatocytes, where they could react with the P450 autoantibodies. Second, it possible that only the autoantibodies in the sera of the halothane hepatitis patients have the correct isotype to be pathogenic ( − ). Third, it is conceivable that the autoantibodies do not have a role in the hepatitis caused by halothane.…”

Effect of heat denaturation on beta-lactoglobulin-induced gastrointestinal sensitization in rats: Denatured βLG induces a more intensive local immunologic response than native βLG

“…The detection of milk protein‐specific IgG antibodies (5) and duodenal lymphoid hyperplasia (6), suggesting local production of IgG class antibodies, in children with CMA indicates that a type III reaction might also be involved. The clinical manifestations resulting from such reactions may be local intestinal and/or general, and the latency (with respect to the ingestion of the relevant food allergen) lasting from hours to days, or even weeks (7).…”

Prevalence of Allergies in Children With Complex Medical Problems

“…17 Previous studies have reported an elevated level of IgG and IgA antibodies to cow's milk proteins in children with non-IgE mediated allergy. [18][19][20][21] In our cohort, the majority of subjects had cow's milk as their only source of protein. It is possible that excessive IgE and IgG antibody is secondary to chronically high exposure to cow's milk formula via G-tube feedings.…”