Various rotaxanes continue to be a hot topic for research currently. This article mainly focuses on the construction strategies of rotaxanes. The traditional template‐directed strategies of rotaxane synthesis, including the employment of supramolecular interactions such as hydrogen bonding, hydrophobic effect, donor–acceptor π–π stacking interaction, coordination, and ionic template were reviewed, respectively. Some novel synthetic protocols, like “Click” chemistry, “threading‐followed‐by‐shrinking” and “threading‐followed‐by‐swelling” protocol, as well as self‐sorting organization, were also introduced. The synthesis of [1]rotaxanes was also illustrated.