Addressing Gender-Based Violence to Support HIV Prevention Efforts: A Review

Abstract

Gender-based violence (GBV) is a significant global health issue that exacerbates the spread of HIV, particularly among women and vulnerable populations. The links between GBV and HIV transmission are multifaceted, as violence increases individuals' exposure to unprotected sex, limits access to healthcare, and fosters environments of stigma and disempowerment. Victims of GBV, particularly women, may face greater barriers to HIV prevention and care, putting them at higher risk of both HIV infection and poor health outcomes. The intersection of gender inequality and violence creates a cycle that hinders effective HIV prevention efforts and impedes the overall fight against the epidemic. Addressing GBV is crucial to improving HIV prevention strategies. Integrating gender-sensitive approaches into HIV prevention programs can help mitigate the risk of HIV transmission. Key strategies include community-based interventions to shift harmful gender norms, comprehensive sexual and reproductive health services that address both GBV and HIV needs, and strengthening legal frameworks to protect survivors. Empowering individuals through education about sexual rights and HIV prevention is also essential, as is involving men and boys in the promotion of gender equality. These combined efforts can reduce both GBV and HIV transmission by addressing the root causes and providing support for survivors. Keywords: Gender-Based Violence, HIV Prevention, Gender Equality, Sexual and Reproductive Health, Violence Reduction Strategies