“…Similarly, using BRET methodology, cocaine was shown, through direct actions on D2R, to induce a conformational change in the A2-D2 complex, resulting in reduced BRETmax, potentially indicative of a reduction in heteromer expression . In schizophrenia animal models, evidence of antipsychotic effects of the A2 receptor (A2R) agonist CGS 21680 have been demonstrated (Andersen et al, 2002;Rimondini et al, 1997), and adenosine augmentation has been shown to ameliorate both psychotic and cognitive schizophrenia-like symptoms in mice , potentially by acting at the A2R within the A2-D2 heteromer, and thus reducing the proportion of D2R in the agonist-induced high-affinity state and D2R signaling Fuxe et al, 2010). It has been further suggested that an imbalance in adenosine signaling, a neurotransmitter which modulates both dopamine and glutamate transmission, may be a central factor in the susceptibility to develop schizophrenia (Boison et al, 2012).…”