Adherencia a un estilo de vida saludable en pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 en España

Unanua, M.P. Pérez; Fernández, M. Alonso; Simarro, Flora López; Llora, T. Soriano; Martínez, I. Peral; Romero, J. Mancera

doi:10.1016/j.semerg.2020.08.009

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…We also found marked gender differences in the practice of PA in subjects with diabetes in favor of males. These differences have been previously observed in Spanish and international studies [ 16 , 25 , 26 , 31 ]. In Spain, a multicenter population study on adherence to healthy lifestyles in type 2 diabetes patients found that male gender was the variable most strongly associated with adequate compliance with nutrition and PA recommendations [ 26 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

“…The improvement observed in our study population is significant, but it is still insufficient: in 47% of persons with diabetes, the frequency of PA was classified as sedentary or low, and 22.3% dedicated one or no days per week to engage in any PA. Other Spanish studies obtained similar discouraging prevalence of PA in adults with diabetes, in all cases below the recommended levels [ 10 , 16 , 17 , 25 , 26 ]. Sarria Santamera et al, using the 2017 Spanish National Health Survey (SNHS), reported 36.3% physical inactivity among 1496 adults with diabetes [ 16 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

“…Previous research studies in Spain on PA and diabetes have constantly shown a higher frequency of sedentary lifestyle among people with diabetes than in the general population and suggested a negative trend in the adherence to PA recommendations overtime [ 15 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 ]. Furthermore, several sociodemographic and clinical variables have shown an association with PA among people with diabetes [ 15 , 16 , 17 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 ]. These variables include among others, gender, obesity, age, lower educational level, current smoking, chronic conditions, mental disorders, and self-perceived health [ 15 , 16 , 17 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, several sociodemographic and clinical variables have shown an association with PA among people with diabetes [ 15 , 16 , 17 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 ]. These variables include among others, gender, obesity, age, lower educational level, current smoking, chronic conditions, mental disorders, and self-perceived health [ 15 , 16 , 17 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 ]. However, the results are not conclusive and seem to be changing over time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the results are not conclusive and seem to be changing over time. This may be due to differences in sampling methods, study variables, information collection, and control of confounding variables, among others [ 15 , 16 , 17 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 ]. Unlike most previous studies, in our investigation, we have matched people with and without diabetes by age, gender, and region of residence to improve study efficiency by increasing precision and therefore providing novel and more reliable results [ 32 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cross Sectional and Case-Control Study to Assess Time Trend, Gender Differences and Factors Associated with Physical Activity among Adults with Diabetes: Analysis of the European Health Interview Surveys for Spain (2014 & 2020)

Llamas-Saez

Sáez-Vaquero

Jiménez‐García

et al. 2023

JCM

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(1) Background: We aim to assess the time trend from 2014 to 2020 in the prevalence of physical activity (PA), identify gender differences and sociodemographic and health-related factors associated with PA among people with diabetes, and compare PA between people with and without diabetes. (2) Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional and a case–control study using as data source the European Health Interview Surveys for Spain (EHISS) conducted in years 2014 and 2020. The presence of diabetes and PA were self-reported. Covariates included socio-demographic characteristics, health-related variables, and lifestyles. To compare people with and without diabetes, we matched individuals by age and sex. (3) Results: The number of participants aged ≥18 years with self-reported diabetes were 1852 and 1889 in the EHISS2014 and EHISS2020, respectively. The proportion of people with diabetes that had a medium or high frequency of PA improved from 48.3% in 2014 to 52.6% in 2020 (p = 0.009), with 68.5% in 2014 and 77.7% in 2020 being engaged in two or more days of PA (p < 0.001). Males with diabetes reported more PA than females with diabetes in both surveys. After matching by age and gender, participants with diabetes showed significantly lower engagement in PA than those without diabetes. Among adults with diabetes, multivariable logistic regression showed confirmation that PA improved significantly from 2014 to 2020 and that male sex, higher educational level, and better self-rated health were variables associated to more PA. However, self-reported comorbidities, smoking, or BMI > 30 were associated to less PA. (4) Conclusions: The time trend of PA among Spanish adults with diabetes is favorable but insufficient. The prevalence of PA in this diabetes population is low and does not reach the levels of the general population. Gender differences were found with significantly more PA among males with diabetes. Our result could help to improve the design and implementation of public health strategies to improve PA among people with diabetes.

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