Adipocyte size redux

Fried, Susan K.

doi:10.1002/oby.21717

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 9 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…FCS enlargement in subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) reflects insulin resistance and fat accumulation in the liver as well [ 10–13 ]. Assessing the hyperplasia-hypertrophy-ratio and population of smaller adipocytes may be of importance as well [ 14 ]. In this view, quantitative description of adipose tissue morphology, such as FCS and cell density can be used indirectly to address tissue dysfunction and inflammation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Straightforward Method for Adipocyte Size and Count Analysis Using Open-source Software QuPath

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Changes in adipose tissue morphology, depicted by cell morphology alterations such as enlargement of fat cells, always accompany over-weight and obesity. The variables related to cell size have been shown to associate with low-grade inflammation of adipose tissue and common obesity-related comorbidities including metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes. Quantifying fat cell morphology from images of histological specimens can be tedious. Here, we present a straightforward method for the task using the free open-source software QuPath with its inbuilt tools only. Measurements of human adipose tissue samples with the described protocol showed an excellent correlation with those obtained with ImageJ software with Adipocyte Tools plugin combined with manual correction of misdetections. Intraclass correlation between the two methods was at good to excellent level. The method described here can be applied to considerably large tissue areas, even whole-slide analysis.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Straightforward Method for Adipocyte Size and Count Analysis Using Open-source Software QuPath

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Discussion in the literature has centred around whether hypertrophy or hyperplasia is most responsible for insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus [4][5][6][7], and recent reviews discuss the benefits of adipocyte hyperplasia [8] as well as unique mechanisms associated with adipogenesis [9]. Despite the interest in and importance of adipocyte hypertrophy and hyperplasia in homoeostasis and disease pathology, thorough investigations have been limited by the lack of a standardized method for distinguishing these two processes [10]. For example, the common technique of treating adipocytes in suspension with collagenase before measuring their sizes by flow cytometry [11,12] biases towards smaller cells due to the rupture of the more fragile large adipocytes and the parameters for adipocyte selection [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite the interest in and importance of adipocyte hypertrophy and hyperplasia in homoeostasis and disease pathology, thorough investigations have been limited by the lack of a standardized method for distinguishing these two processes [ 10 ]. For example, the common technique of treating adipocytes in suspension with collagenase before measuring their sizes by flow cytometry [ 11 , 12 ] biases towards smaller cells due to the rupture of the more fragile large adipocytes and the parameters for adipocyte selection [ 10 ]. To further confound matters, crown-like structures, which are dead or dying adipocytes associated with increased adipocyte turnover [ 13 , 14 ], result in populations of smaller adipocytes that can easily be confused with de novo adipocytes associated with hyperplasia despite being the result of distinct metabolic processes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Whole-slide image analysis outperforms micrograph acquisition for adipocyte size quantification

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The distinction between biological processes of adipose tissue expansion is crucial to understanding metabolic derangements, but a robust method for quantifying adipocyte size has yet to be standardized. Here, we compared three methods for histological analysis in situ: one conventional approach using individual micrographs acquired by digital camera, and two with wholeslide image analysis pipelines involving proprietary (Visiopharm) and open-source software (QuPath with a novel ImageJ plugin). We found that micrograph analysis identified 10-40 times fewer adipocytes than whole-slide methods, and this small sample size resulted in high variances that could lead to statistical errors. The agreement of the micrograph method to measure adipocyte area with each of the two whole-slide methods was substantially less (R 2 of 0.6644 and 0.7125) than between the two whole-slide methods (R 2 of 0.9402). These inconsistencies were more pronounced in samples from high-fat diet fed mice. While the use of proprietary software resulted in the highest adipocyte count, the lower cost, ease of use, and minimal variances of the open-source software provided a distinct advantage for measuring the number and size of adipocytes. In conclusion, we recommend whole-slide image analysis methods to consistently measure adipocyte area and avoid unintentional errors due to small sample sizes.

show abstract

Fat Cell Size: Measurement Methods, Pathophysiological Origins, and Relationships With Metabolic Dysregulations

Richard

Gévry

et al. 2021

Endocrine Reviews

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The obesity pandemic increasingly causes morbidity and mortality from type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and many other chronic diseases. Fat cell size (FCS) predicts numerous obesity-related complications such as lipid dysmetabolism, ectopic fat accumulation, insulin resistance, and cardiovascular disorders. Nevertheless, the scarcity of systematic literature reviews on this subject is compounded by the use of different methods by which FCS measurements are determined and reported. In this paper, we provide a systematic review of the current literature on the relationship between adipocyte hypertrophy and obesity-related glucose and lipid dysmetabolism, ectopic fat accumulation, and cardiovascular disorders. We also review the numerous mechanistic origins of adipocyte hypertrophy and its relationship with metabolic dysregulation, including changes in adipogenesis, cell senescence, collagen deposition, systemic inflammation, adipokine secretion, and energy balance. To quantify the effect of different FCS measurement methods, we performed statistical analyses across published data while controlling for body mass index, age, and sex.

show abstract

Adipocyte size redux

Cited by 4 publications

References 9 publications

A Straightforward Method for Adipocyte Size and Count Analysis Using Open-source Software QuPath

A Straightforward Method for Adipocyte Size and Count Analysis Using Open-source Software QuPath

Whole-slide image analysis outperforms micrograph acquisition for adipocyte size quantification

Fat Cell Size: Measurement Methods, Pathophysiological Origins, and Relationships With Metabolic Dysregulations

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About