Adipose-derived regenerative cell (ADRC)-enriched fat grafting: optimal cell concentration and effects on grafted fat characteristics

Abstract

BackgroundTo overcome the absorption of traditional fat grafting, techniques for adipose-derived regenerative cell (ADRC)-enriched fat grafting are currently being adapted for practical application. The Celution®800/CRS (Cytori Therapeutics, San Diego, CA) has enabled rapid grafting of the patient’s own freshly harvested ADRCs without requiring a culturing step. However, the optimal cell concentration and the effects of ADRCs on the characteristics of grafted fat after free fat grafting remain unclear.MethodsADRCs were isolated and purified from human fat tissue using the Celution®800/CRS. Animals that received fat grafting without the addition of ADRCs were designated the control group (group A). The number of ADRCs per grafted fat volume (mL) was adjusted to 3 × 105, 1.5 × 106, and 3 × 106 cells/mL (groups B, C, and D, respectively), mixed with free fat, and transplanted as ADRC-enriched fat grafting. These mixtures were transplanted subcutaneously into BALB/C Jcl-nu/nu mice. The volume of grafted fat was determined 5 months after transplantation, and histological assessments were performed.ResultsADRC-enriched fat grafting resulted in decreased fat absorption and the formation of greater numbers of new blood vessels in the grafted fat. The optimal ADRC concentration in this study was found to be 3 × 105 cells/mL (group B), with higher concentrations resulting in increased cyst and fibril formation in the grafted fat.ConclusionsThis study used the Celution®800/CRS for free fat grafting and demonstrated that the concentration of transplanted ADRCs affected the engraftment and quality of the grafted fat.

Allogeneic Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Protect Fat Grafts at the Early Stage and Improve Long-Term Retention in Immunocompetent Rats

“…As a result, the number of dead adipocytes in the ALLG group was less than in the AFT group at 7 and 14 days. This result is consistent with previous research [10,13,30]. Furthermore, we found no difference between ALLG and SYNG groups.…”

“…Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining is usually employed in the majority of fat graft experiments to assess adipocyte injury [23,30]. However, there are several limitations in judging adipocyte injury using this method.…”

Isolation and Differentiation of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells from Porcine Subcutaneous Adipose Tissues

“…Bone marrow aspirates yield an average of 6 × 10 6 nucleated cells per ml, and MSC only represent 0.001 to 0.01% of all the nucleated cells. After considering these drawbacks, ADSC is suggested as a less obtrusive source to obtain multipotent stem cells 25,26 .…”

Current clinical applications of adipose-derived stem cells in humans and animals

“…Few studies came in support of the benefits of CAL, which combines SVF isolated from one half of a lipoaspirate with other half of lipoaspirate not only in breast enhancement but also in people with facial microsomia [15]. Other studies support the efficacy of CAL [16,17] but Peltonemi et al failed to demonstrate a beneficial effect of fat graft enrichment consistent with the loss of regenerative potential of ADSCs following long enzymatic digestions [18].…”