Adipose-derived stem cells cooperate with fractional carbon dioxide laser in antagonizing photoaging: a potential role of Wnt and β-catenin signaling

Abstract

BackgroundIt is well established that adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) produce and secrete cytokines/growth factors that antagonize UV-induced photoaging of skin. However, the exact molecular basis underlying the anti-photoaging effects exerted by ADSCs is not well understood, and whether ADSCs cooperate with fractional carbon dioxide (CO2) laser to facilitate photoaging skin healing process has not been explored. Here, we investigated the impacts of ADSCs on photoaging in a photoaging animal model, its associated mechanisms, and its functional cooperation with fractional CO2 laser in treatment of photoaging skin.ResultsWe showed that ADSCs improved dermal thickness and activated the proliferation of dermal fibroblast. We further demonstrated that the combined treatment of ADSCs and fractional CO2 laser, the latter which is often used to resurface skin and treat wrinkles, had more beneficial effects on the photoaging skin compared with each individual treatment. In our prepared HDF photoaging model, flow cytometry showed that, after adipose derived stem cells conditioned medium (ADSC-CM) co-cultured HDF photoaging model, the cell proliferation rate is higher than UVB irradiation induced HDF modeling (p < 0.05). Additionally, the expressions of β-catenin and Wnt3a, which were up-regulated after the transplantation of ADSCs alone or in combination with fractional CO2 laser treatment. And the expression of wnt3a and β-catenin has the positive correlation with photoaging related protein TGF-β2 and COLI. We also verified these protein expressions in tissue level. In addition, after injected SFRP2 into ADSC-CM co-cultured HDF photoaging model, wnt3a inhibitor, compared with un-intervened group, wnt3a, β-catenin protein level significantly decreased.ConclusionBoth ADSCs and fractional CO2 laser improved photoaging skin at least partially via targeting dermal fibroblast activity which was increased in photoaging skin. The combinatorial use of ADSCs and fractional CO2 laser synergistically improved the healing process of photoaging skin. Thus, we provide a strong rationale for a combined use of ADSCs and fractional CO2 laser in treatment of photoaging skin in clinic in the future. Moreover, we provided evidence that the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway may contribute to the activation of dermal fibroblast by the transplantation of ADSCs in both vitro and vivo experiment.

Adipose Stem Cells with Conditioned Media for Treatment of Acne Vulgaris Scar

“…We suggested that ASCs significantly accelerated the re-epithelialization. And another studies showed that ASCs promote the growth of dermal fibroblasts by not only through intercellular cell-to-cell contact, but also by paracrine activation of marginal cells [13,14]. Recently, ASCs were found to accelerate wound healing in human cutaneous wounds [33][34][35].…”

“…Moreover, studies suggest that transplanted ASCs accelerate wound healing by expanding the fibroblasts phenotype and increasing the supply of macrophages to the wound, enhancing granulation tissue formation [10][11][12]. Further studies showed that ASCs promote the growth of dermal fibroblasts through not only intercellular cell-to-cell contact, but also by paracrine activation of marginal cells [13][14][15][16]. The ASCs with conditioned media (CM) can stimulate the synthesis of dermal collagen and promote the migration of fibroblasts into the dermis, which are reported to help wrinkle improvement, facial defect filling, and wound healing compared with only ASCs [8].…”

Nanog down-regulates the Wnt signaling pathway via β-catenin phosphorylation during epidermal stem cell proliferation and differentiation

“…These results using EpSCs agree with previous reports that Nanog can promote proliferation and inhibit differentiation of stem cells. On the other hand, accumulating evidence indicates that the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway plays a critical role in the lineage decision/commitment process [ 10 , 23 , 27 , 28 ]. In contrast, there are also some reports that the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway plays a pivotal role in the maintenance of pluripotency as well as in the process of somatic cell reprogramming [ 9 , 29 – 31 ].…”

Overexpression of klotho in adipose-derived stem cells protects against UVB-induced photoaging in co-cultured human fibroblasts

“…The co-culture cells were divided into 3 groups: HSF2 + ADSCs (NC), HSF2 + ADSCs + empty plasmid control group (EPC) and HSF2 + ADSCs + klotho OE group (OE). The co-culture system was achieved according to a previous report ( 22 ). Briefly, ADSCs and HSF2 were mixed and incubated with complete DMEM containing 10% FBS with 100 U/ml penicillin/streptomycin in a humidified atmosphere at 37°C with 5% CO 2 .…”