Adiposity among 132 479 UK Biobank participants; contribution of sugar intake vs other macronutrients

Anderson, Jana; Celis-Morales, Carlos; Mackay, Daniel; Iliodromiti, Stamatina; Lyall, Donald M.; Sattar, Naveed; Gill, Jason M. R.; Pell, Jill P.

doi:10.1093/ije/dyw173

Cited by 25 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Dietary information was collected via a self-reported dietary questionnaire (Oxford WebQ) 19 20. Participants were asked how many portions of specified foods they generally ate.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contribution of type 2 diabetes to all-cause mortality, cardiovascular disease incidence and cancer incidence in white Europeans and South Asians: findings from the UK Biobank population-based cohort study

Muilwijk¹,

Waddell

et al. 2019

BMJ Open Diab Res Care

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ObjectiveTo investigate whether the health implications of having type 2 diabetes (T2D) were different in South Asian compared with white European participants.Research design and methodsProspective data from UK Biobank were used, and 457 935 participants of white European and 7102 of South Asian background were included. Cox proportional regression was performed to investigate the association between T2D and health outcome by ethnicity.ResultsOver a mean of 7.0 years (IQR 6.3–7.6) of follow-up, 12 974 participants had died, and 30 347 and 27 159 developed cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cancer, respectively. South Asians had a higher risk for CVD mortality (HR: 1.42, 95% CI 1.07 to 1.89) and incidence (HR: 1.78, 95% CI 1.63 to 1.94), but a decreased risk for cancer mortality (HR: 0.59, 95% CI 0.41 to 0.85) and incidence (HR: 0.80, 95% CI 0.70 to 0.92) compared with white Europeans. Compared with individuals without T2D, both white Europeans and South Asians with T2D had a higher risk for all-cause mortality (1.59 (1.48 to 1.71) vs 2.83 (1.76 to 4.53)), CVD mortality (2.04 (1.82 to 2.28) vs 4.40 (2.37 to 8.16)) and CVD incidence (1.37 (1.31 to 1.44) vs 1.60 (1.31 to 1.95)), respectively. However, the magnitude of the risk was higher for South Asians than white Europeans.ConclusionsAlthough T2D was associated with a higher risk for all-cause mortality and CVD incidence and mortality, in both white Europeans and South Asians, the risk experienced by South Asians with T2D was higher than their white European counterparts.

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“…Dietary information was collected via a self-reported dietary questionnaire (Oxford WebQ) 19 20. Participants were asked how many portions of specified foods they generally ate.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contribution of type 2 diabetes to all-cause mortality, cardiovascular disease incidence and cancer incidence in white Europeans and South Asians: findings from the UK Biobank population-based cohort study

Muilwijk¹,

Waddell

et al. 2019

BMJ Open Diab Res Care

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“…This greater magnitude of the association is in line with recent finding from the UK Biobank, that suggest that fat makes a greater contribution to overall energy intake than other macronutrients in all BMI categories, but especially in the obese group. 26 Fat intake, especially saturated fat is consider a surrogate of unhealthy food intake, including processed and other high energy density foods. 27,28 There is ample research from animal and clinical studies, from controlled trials, and from epidemiologic and ecologic analyses that provides strong evidence that dietary fat plays a role in the development and treatment of obesity.…”

Section: Main Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary fat and total energy intake modifies the association of genetic profile risk score on obesity: evidence from 48 170 UK Biobank participants

et al. 2017

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Celis- Morales, C. et al. (2017) Dietary fat and total energy intake modifies the association of genetic profile risk score on obesity: evidence from 48 170 UK Biobank participants. International Journal of Obesity, 41, pp. 1761Obesity, 41, pp. -1768Obesity, 41, pp. . (doi:10.1038Obesity, 41, pp. /ijo.2017 This is the author's final accepted version.There may be differences between this version and the published version. You are advised to consult the publisher's version if you wish to cite from it.http://eprints.gla.ac.uk/143637/ 37Assembly Government and the British Heart Foundation. The research was designed, conducted, analysed and interpreted 38by the authors entirely independently of the funding sources. 39Abbreviations: Body mass index (BMI), percentage of total energy intake (% TE), genetic profile risk score for obesity 40(GPRS-obesity), waist circumference (WC), standard deviation (SD), 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). 3 ABSTRACT 42Background -Obesity is a multifactorial condition influenced by both genetics and lifestyle. The aim of this study was to

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“…For ~66% of the 211,036 participants who completed more than one recall, averages of each macronutrient were calculated as suggested elsewhere. 57…”

Section: Uk Biobankmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-trait genome-wide association meta-analysis of dietary intake identifies new loci and genetic and functional links with metabolic traits

Merino

Sarnowski

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Dietary intake, a major contributor to the global obesity epidemic 1-5 , is a complex phenotype partially affected by innate physiological processes. [6][7][8][9][10][11] However, previous genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have only implicated a few loci in variability of dietary composition. 12-14 Here, we present a multi-trait genome-wide association meta-analysis of inter-individual variation in dietary intake in 283,119 European-ancestry participants from UK Biobank and CHARGE consortium, and identify 96 genome-wide significant loci. Dietary intake signals map to different brain tissues and are enriched for genes expressed in b1tanycytes and serotonergic and GABAergic neurons. We also find enrichment of biological pathways related to neurogenesis. Integration of cell-line and brainspecific epigenomic annotations identify 15 additional loci. Clustering of genomewide significant variants yields three main genetic clusters with distinct associations with obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Overall, these results enhance biological understanding of dietary composition, highlight neural mechanisms, and support functional follow-up experiments.As dietary components are strongly correlated, we conducted a multi-trait genomewide association meta-analysis of overall variation in dietary intake among 283,119European-ancestry participants from the UK Biobank 15 and the Cohorts for Heart and Aging Research in Genomic Epidemiology (CHARGE) Consortium 14 (Methods; Supplementary Table 1). First, we conducted single-trait GWAS for the proportion of total energy intake from carbohydrate, fat, and protein in UK Biobank (n=192,005).Next, single-trait GWAS from the UK Biobank and CHARGE Consortium (n=91,114) were meta-analyzed and combined into a multi-trait genome-wide association metaanalysis (Methods). An analysis overview is presented in Supplementary Fig. 1.We evaluated dietary intake using 24-hour web-based diet recall in the UK Biobank 16,17 and validated food frequency questionnaires, diet history and diet records in the CHARGE Consortium. 14 We observed strong genome-wide genetic correlations for nutrient estimates between the UK Biobank and CHARGE datasets (r g >0.6 for all; P <0.001; Supplementary Table 2). The quantile-quantile plots of single-trait and multi-trait meta-analyses showed moderate inflation (l GC ranging from 1.12 to 1.17) with a linkage disequilibrium (LD) score intercept 18 of ~1 (standard error (s.e.) = 0.01), indicating that most inflation could be explained by polygenic signal ( Supplementary Fig. 2, Supplementary Table 3). In single-trait meta-analyses, genome-wide SNP-based heritability 19 was estimated at 3.9% (s.e.=0.01), 2.8% (s.e.=0.01), and 3.0% (s.e.=0.01) for carbohydrate, fat, and protein, respectively ( Supplementary Table 3), in line with previous GWAS findings 12,14 and other behavioral phenotypes such as tobacco or alcohol use. 20

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Adiposity among 132 479 UK Biobank participants; contribution of sugar intake vs other macronutrients

Abstract: Background

Cited by 25 publications

References 28 publications

Contribution of type 2 diabetes to all-cause mortality, cardiovascular disease incidence and cancer incidence in white Europeans and South Asians: findings from the UK Biobank population-based cohort study

Contribution of type 2 diabetes to all-cause mortality, cardiovascular disease incidence and cancer incidence in white Europeans and South Asians: findings from the UK Biobank population-based cohort study

Dietary fat and total energy intake modifies the association of genetic profile risk score on obesity: evidence from 48 170 UK Biobank participants

Multi-trait genome-wide association meta-analysis of dietary intake identifies new loci and genetic and functional links with metabolic traits

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