Adjustable Cerebrospinal Fluid Shunt Valves in 3.0-Tesla MRI: a Phantom Study using Explanted Devices

Akbar, Muhammad Bilal; Aj, Aschoff; Georgi, J.-C.; Nennig, Ernst; Heiland, Sabine; Abel, Richard; Stippich, Christoph

doi:10.1055/s-0028-1109882

Cited by 6 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…There have been conflicting reports regarding the tolerance of these valves to exposure to a 3T magnetic field;[138] however, we found that even multiple exposures to a 3T magnetic field (consistent with six complete MRI scans in one day) has no detrimental effect on the programming mechanisms.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

“…Similar results have been reported by other investigators, and emphasize the importance of evaluating patients as soon as possible after an MRI scan to avoid problems from over- or underdrainage of CSF. [139] When MR imaging is being performed on an emergency basis in a patient with a CSF shunt (e.g. presentation with acute stroke symptoms), it is highly recommended that pre- and postimaging X-rays of the shunt-valve be obtained.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[134679] In this protocol, we compared all three available second generation EPS-valves side-by-side. Repeated exposure of these valves to a 3T MRI field produced no effect on shunt settings, or the ability to reprogram the shunt valve.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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3T magnetic resonance imaging testing of externally programmable shunt valves

Zabramski

Preul²,

Debbins³

et al. 2012

Surg Neurol Int

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Background:Exposure of externally programmable shunt-valves (EPS-valves) to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may lead to unexpected changes in shunt settings, or affect the ability to reprogram the valve. We undertook this study to examine the effect of exposure to a 3T MRI on a group of widely used EPS-valves.Methods:Evaluations were performed on first generation EPS-valves (those without a locking mechanism to prevent changes in shunt settings by external magnets other than the programmer) and second generation EPS-valves (those with a locking mechanisms). Fifteen new shunt-valves were divided into five groups of three identical valves each, and then exposed to a series of six simulated MRI scans. After each of the exposures, the valves were evaluated to determine if the valve settings had changed, and whether the valves could be reprogrammed. The study produced 18 evaluations for each line of shunt-valves.Results:Exposure of the first generation EPS-valves to a 3T magnetic field resulted in frequent changes in the valve settings; however, all valves retained their ability to be reprogrammed. Repeated exposure of the second generation EPS-valves has no effect on shunt valve settings, and all valves retained their ability to be interrogated and reprogrammed.Conclusions:Second generation EPS-valves with locking mechanisms can be safely exposed to repeated 3T MRI systems, without evidence that shunt settings will change. The exposure of the first generation EPS-valves to 3T MRI results in frequent changes in shunt settings that necessitate re-evaluation soon after MRI to avoid complications.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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3T magnetic resonance imaging testing of externally programmable shunt valves

Zabramski

Preul²,

Debbins³

et al. 2012

Surg Neurol Int

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“…Several magnetically programmable CSF shunt valves have been evaluated in association with MRI [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. The 3-T MRI environment has been reported to pose problems that do not exist at 1.5 T. The difference is likely due to the nature of the mechanism of action involved in the magnetic components of a given shunt valve relative to this powerful static magnetic field [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of MRI Issues for a 3-T “Immune” Programmable CSF Shunt Valve

Shellock

Bedwinek

Oliver-Allen

et al. 2011

American Journal of Roentgenology

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“…B. der Magnete spürbar. Deshalb sollte bei MRT-Untersuchungen auch eine nur geringfügige Verminderung der Magnetkraft vermieden werden.Neben den viel untersuchten Wechselwirkungen zwischen starken MRT-Feldern und inkorporierten, medizinisch genutzten Permanentmagneten wie Erhitzung, Beschleunigung und Artefaktbildung wird der möglichen Demagnetisierung auch in neuesten Studien weniger Aufmerksamkeit geschenkt[12], obwohl die jeweiligen Vorrichtungen durch Änderungen des Magnetfeldes insuffizient werden können. Um die Dentalmagnete MRT-fest zu machen, müssten die Hersteller Legierungen mit maximaler Koerzitivfeldstärke benutzen; nach heutigem Technikstand würden sie damit in den derzeit am weitesten verbreiteten 1,5 T-MRT stabil bleiben.…”

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