Administration of Low-Dose Estrogen Rapidly and Directly Stimulates Growth Hormone Production

Moll, George; Rosenfield, Robert L.; Fang, Victor S.

doi:10.1001/archpedi.1986.02140160042027

Cited by 57 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Pescovitz in a review of the endocrinology of the pubertal growth spurt, suggests that in IGnD the absence of gonadal sex steroids results in a delayed pubertal growth spurt and probably a small but significant increase in final adult height. 9 The fact that at initiation of sex hormone treatment the height of patients was relatively short in comparison with the midparental height and that there was a height gain of 1 SD during the period of treatment supports the suggestion that with low to moderate doses of sex hormones, such as used in the present study, there is initially more effect on linear growth than on bone maturation.20 21 Of interest among the findings in this study is the fact that plasma testosterone response to human chorionic gonadotrophin stimulation in the males with IGnD was significantly lower than in normal boys at comparable pubertal stages, indicating the usefulness of this test to distinguish between 'simple' delayed puberty and permanent IGnD states in males.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Growth in patients with isolated gonadotrophin deficiency.

Dickerman

Cohen²,

Laron³

1992

Archives of Disease in Childhood

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

Growth in patients with isolated gonadotrophin deficiency.

Dickerman

Cohen²,

Laron³

1992

Archives of Disease in Childhood

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“…Low incremental doses of EE administered orally to mimic the early pubertal rise in estrogen may be effective in preserving bone mass in young girls who are still growing, as very low oral estrogen doses do not supress IGF-1 [68].…”

Section: Hormones Estrogenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacological treatment options for low Bone Mineral Density and secondary osteoporosis in Anorexia Nervosa: A systematic review of the literature

Robinson

Aldridge

Clark

et al. 2017

Journal of Psychosomatic Research

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General rightsThis document is made available in accordance with publisher policies. Please cite only the published version using the reference above. Full terms of use are available: http://www.bristol.ac.uk/pure/about/ebr-terms Results: 675 studies were reviewed, of which 19 fit the inclusion criteria and were included in the final review, investigating a total of 1119 participants; 10 of the 19 included studies were double-blind RCTs.The remaining studies consisted of prospective observational studies, a retrospective cohort study, a case-control study and five non-randomised control trials. Bisphosphonates were effective in increasing BMD in adult women with AN, while estrogen administered transdermally resulted in significant increases in BMD in mature adolescents with AN. Administration of Oral contraceptives (OC) did not significantly increase BMD in randomised or controlled trials, however, lifetime OC use was associated with higher spinal BMD.Conclusion: Future research should clarify the safety of long-term bisphosphonate use in adult women with AN, and verify that transdermal estrogen replacement increases BMD in women with AN.

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“…Furthermore, serum IGF-1 levels are notably elevated in adolescents with precocious puberty where they normalize after suppression of sex steroids with gonadotropin-releasing hormone therapy [18]. Interestingly some studies have also reported that in both hypogonadotropic females and males, and boys with constitutional delay in puberty, treatment with respective sex steroids increases serum IGF-1 [19–21]. Previously another study of prepubertal hypopituitary boys treated with testosterone therapy for eight days reported no difference in the response of IGF-1 to GH challenge [22].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spuriously Elevated Serum IGF-1 in Adult Individuals with Delayed Puberty: A Diagnostic Pitfall

Imran

Pelkey

Clarke

et al. 2010

International Journal of Endocrinology

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Serum insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) is a sensitive marker of growth hormone (GH) activity. The levels of IGF-1 vary widely, peaking during puberty and declining with advancing age. During adolescence, serum IGF-1 levels tend to correlate better with pubertal stage rather than chronological age. Here we discuss two cases of delayed puberty, both in their 20s, who presented with high serum IGF-1 but no clinical or biochemical evidence of hypersomatotropism as confirmed by appropriate GH response to an oral glucose challenge. Both individuals achieved full pubertal status with testosterone replacement therapy and their serum IGF-1 levels settled into normal age-specific range. We suggest that in chronologically adult individuals with delayed puberty, serum IGF-1 should not be interpreted on the basis of age-specific normal values but rather on their pubertal status. Furthermore, in the absence of another cause of elevated IGF-1, the expectation is that IGF-1 levels will decline towards age-normative ranges following androgen replacement therapy.

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Administration of Low-Dose Estrogen Rapidly and Directly Stimulates Growth Hormone Production

Cited by 57 publications

References 21 publications

Growth in patients with isolated gonadotrophin deficiency.

Growth in patients with isolated gonadotrophin deficiency.

Pharmacological treatment options for low Bone Mineral Density and secondary osteoporosis in Anorexia Nervosa: A systematic review of the literature

Spuriously Elevated Serum IGF-1 in Adult Individuals with Delayed Puberty: A Diagnostic Pitfall

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