Adsorption of phenol by activated carbon: Influence of activation methods and solution pH

Beker, Ülker; Ganbold, Batchimeg; Dertli, Halil; Gülbayir, Dilek Duranoğlu

doi:10.1016/j.enconman.2009.08.035

Cited by 100 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Chemical activation has become widely applied because of its lower activation temperature and high carbon product yield as compared to physical processing. The most commonly used chemical activation agent is H 3 PO 4 [24], but NaOH and ZnCl 2 is also used on a relatively small scale [25,26]. U. Beker and H. Dertli [26] showed that activation with ZnCl 2 reduced the surface area of the carbon samples activated with the increasing ZnCl 2 ratios.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most commonly used chemical activation agent is H 3 PO 4 [24], but NaOH and ZnCl 2 is also used on a relatively small scale [25,26]. U. Beker and H. Dertli [26] showed that activation with ZnCl 2 reduced the surface area of the carbon samples activated with the increasing ZnCl 2 ratios. Both activation chemicals (ZnCl 2 and KOH) promote bond cleavage reactions and formation of acidic functional group cross-links within the precursor structure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Valorization of agricultural waste into activated carbons and its adsorption characteristics for heavy metals

et al. 2014

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Activated carbon derived from pine cones waste was prepared by carbonization at 450 • C, activated by different activating agents: ZnCl 2 , H 2 SO 4 and NaOH, and then pyrolyzed at 600 • C. Adsorption of Cr VI and other heavy metals (Mn II, Fe II, Cu II) on activated carbons was investigated to evaluate the adsorption properties. Special attention was paid to the effects of carbon surface functionalities that were analyzed by FT-IR and zeta potential study. Moreover, XRD study of activated carbon was also carried out. Results had shown that activated carbon by NaOH was the best adsorbent for removal of chromium VI from wastewater. The solid-solution interaction was determined by analyzing the adsorption isotherms at room temperature at different pH. When pH is above 4, the removal fraction of Cr (VI) ions decreased with the increase of pH. The removal fraction of Cr (VI) ions decreased below pH 4. The preferable removal of Cu (II) over Mn(II) and Fe (II) could be due to its lower affinity to solvent.Pseudo-second order equation provided the better correlation for the adsorption kinetics data. Equilibrium isotherms were determined by Fowler-Guggenheim model.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Valorization of agricultural waste into activated carbons and its adsorption characteristics for heavy metals

et al. 2014

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“…An increase in the amount of OH ions in alkaline solution reduces the diffusion of phenol ions due to an electrostatic repulsion of negatively charged site of the sorbent and phenolic ions. As the pH increases, the surface charge of pyrogenic materials became negative and decreases its sorption capacity (Beker et al, 2010). Furthermore, other authors reported that, regarding the mobility of biochar particles, the lower the pH solution, the lesser transport of the biochar particles.…”

Section: Study Of the Pnp Retention On Biochar-blended Compostmentioning

confidence: 95%

Methodological interference of biochar in the determination of extracellular enzyme activities in composting samples

et al. 2014

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Abstract. Biochar application has received increasing attention as a means to trap recalcitrant carbon and enhance soil fertility. Hydrolytic enzymatic assays, such as β-glucosidase and phosphatase activities, are used for the assessment of soil quality and composting process, which are based on use of p-nitrophenol (PNP) derivatives as substrate. However, sorption capacity of biochar can interfere with colorimetric determination of the hydrolysed PNP, either by the sorption of the substrate or the reaction product of hydrolysis into biochar surface. The aim of the present work is to study the biochar sorption capacity for PNP in biochar-blended composting mixtures in order to assess its impact on the estimation of the colorimetric-based enzymatic assays. A retention test was conducted by adding a solution of known amounts of PNP in universal buffer solution (pH = 5, 6.5 and 11, corresponding to the β-glucosidase, acid and alkaline phosphatase activity assays, respectively), in samples taken at the initial stage and after maturation stage from four different composting piles (two manure composting piles; PM: poultry manure, CM: cow manure and two other similar piles containing 10 % of additional biochar (PM + B, CM + B)). The results show that biochar-blended composts (PM + B, CM + B) generally exhibited low enzymatic activities, compared to manure compost without biochar (PM, CM). In terms of the difference between the initial and maturation stage of composting process, the PNP retention in biochar was shown higher at maturation stage, caused most probably by an enlarged proportion of biochar inside compost mixture after the selective degradation of easily decomposable organic matter. TThe retention of PNP on biochar was influenced by pH dependency of sorption capacity of biochar and/or PNP solubility, since PNP was more efficiently retained by biochar at low pH values (5 and 6.5) than at high pH values (11).

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“…Among them, activated carbon was accepted as the most powerful adsorbent and thus has been extensively used for the removal of phenols and other organic pol- lutants [4][5][6]29]. Although activated carbon has high capacity for the adsorption of phenol, phenols still remained in the bulk aqueous solution [30,31]. We also tested phenol removal using 1.0 g L −1 of reagent grade activated carbon (powder, 2-20 m).…”

Section: Removal Of Phenolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal of phenols in water using chitosan-conjugated thermo-responsive polymers

Saitoh

Asano

Hiraide

2011

Journal of Hazardous Materials

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Adsorption of phenol by activated carbon: Influence of activation methods and solution pH

Cited by 100 publications

References 8 publications

Valorization of agricultural waste into activated carbons and its adsorption characteristics for heavy metals

Valorization of agricultural waste into activated carbons and its adsorption characteristics for heavy metals

Methodological interference of biochar in the determination of extracellular enzyme activities in composting samples

Removal of phenols in water using chitosan-conjugated thermo-responsive polymers

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