Adsorption of phenolic compounds by activated carbon—a critical review

Dąbrowski, A.; Podkościelny, P.; Hubicki, Zbigniew; Barczak, Mariusz

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2004.09.067

Cited by 1,260 publications

(738 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…According to the classification of Brunauer et al, the isotherms shown in Figs. 3 and 4 are of type I, meaning all the samples are microporous in nature with very little amount of mesopores, because most of the adsorption is taking place in the lower relative pressure range [17,18]. Fig.…”

Section: Effect Of H 3 Po 4 Concentration On Pore Characteristics Of Acfmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on effect of chemical impregnation on the surface and porous characteristics of activated carbon fabric prepared from viscose rayon

Bhati¹,

J²,

Dixit³

et al. 2014

Carbon letters

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In this study, synthetic viscose rayon fabric has been used for preparing activated carbon fabric (ACF), impregnated with different concentrations of H 3 PO 4 . The effect of H 3 PO 4 impregnation on the weight yield, surface area, pore volume, chemical composition and morphology of ACF were studied. Experimental results revealed that both Brunauer-EmmettTeller surface area and micropore volume increased with increasing H 3 PO 4 concentration; however, the weight yield and microporosity (%) decreased. It was observed that samples impregnated at 70°C (AC-70) give higher yield and higher microporosity as compared to 30°C (AC-30). The average pore size of the ACF also gradually increases from 18.2 to 19 and 16.7 to 20.4 Å for 30°C and 70°C, respectively. The pore size distribution of ACF was also studied. It is also concluded that the final ACF strength is dependent on the concentration of impregnant.

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Section: Effect Of H 3 Po 4 Concentration On Pore Characteristics Of Acfmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on effect of chemical impregnation on the surface and porous characteristics of activated carbon fabric prepared from viscose rayon

Bhati¹,

J²,

Dixit³

et al. 2014

Carbon letters

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“…[7][8][9][10] Alternatively, lignocellulosic materials from agro--industrial and agricultural wastes such as peels, seeds or bagasse offer great potential to be used as raw carbon precursors due to their high carbon content and already proven high adsorption capacity. [11][12][13][14][15][16] Babassu is a palm tree which belongs to the family Palmae, species Orbignya phalerata. This palm tree attains up to 20 meters in height and is native from South America, occurring widely in the north and north-east regions of Brazil, found in a transitional biome between the Amazon rainforest and the Caatinga ecosystems called Coconut Forests (Mata dos Cocais) and also along Bolivia, Colombia and Suriname.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermogravimetric and spectroscopic study (TG–DTA/FT–IR) of activated carbon from the renewable biomass source Babassu

Oliveira¹,

Andrade²,

Trindade³

et al. 2016

Quim. Nova

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carbons (ACs) with well-developed microstructure and high microporosity were obtained from biomass by potassium hydroxide activation. The preparation process consisted in producing carbon materials in the ratios of activating agent to raw material 70:30, 50:50, 30:70 and 25:75 (w/w) characterized by thermal analysis coupled to spectroscopy (TG-DTA / FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), N 2 adsorption isotherms at -196 °C and activation isotherm at 500 and 600 °C for 3.0 h. Specific surface areas (SBET) within 728 and 1712 m 2 g -1 and (S mic ) within 1054 and 1923 m 2 g -1 were obtained, while the micropores surface area was calculated using the Dubinin-Astakhov (DA) equation and the pore size distribution calculated from density functional theory (DFT) was found to be in the range 1.09 -1.77 nm. Adsorption isotherms were fitted using Langmuir and Freundlich non-linear models and the adsorption capacity determined for methylene blue dye was between 27.13 and 459.20 mg g -1 .

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“…Despite the existence of several physicochemical and biological treatment techniques (solvent extraction, ionexchange by resins, chemical oxidation by ozone, aerobic or anaerobic biodegradation, etc. ), adsorption on activated carbons is the most effective and frequently used technique for phenol removal (Davis and Cornxvell, 1991;Nathanson, 1997;Monahan, 1998;Tong et al, 1998;Tchobanoglous and Stensel, 2002;Dabrowski et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Capacity and mechanism of phenol adsorption on lignite

Polat

Molva

Polat

2006

International Journal of Mineral Processing

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A raw lignitic coal from Soma, Turkey was investigated to determine its potential as an adsorbent for phenol removal from wastewaters. Kinetic batch tests demonstrated that phenol could be completely removed from solution given sufficient solids loading and reaction time. The adsorption capacity of 10 mg/g obtained with the lignite is low compared to those achievable with activated carbons (around 300 mg/g). However, when normalized for the surface area, the adsorption capacity was much larger for the lignite (1.3 mg/m 2 ) than that generally observed with activated carbons (0.05-0.3 mg/m 2 ). Hydrogen-bonding of the phenolic -OH with the oxygen sites on the lignite surface is the most likely mechanism for adsorption. Though water molecules also have affinity for the same oxygen sites, lateral benzene ring interactions make phenol adsorption energetically more favorable. Since phenol molecules adsorbed in this fashion would project their benzene rings into solution, formation of a second layer through the action of the dispersive π-π interactions between the benzene rings is very likely. Residual water quality with respect to major elements and heavy metals was within acceptable limits defined by the ASTM standards. Dissolution of organic matter from the lignite was also observed to be negligible.

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Adsorption of phenolic compounds by activated carbon—a critical review

Cited by 1,260 publications

References 68 publications

Study on effect of chemical impregnation on the surface and porous characteristics of activated carbon fabric prepared from viscose rayon

Study on effect of chemical impregnation on the surface and porous characteristics of activated carbon fabric prepared from viscose rayon

Thermogravimetric and spectroscopic study (TG–DTA/FT–IR) of activated carbon from the renewable biomass source Babassu

Capacity and mechanism of phenol adsorption on lignite

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