Advanced Anode Materials for Aqueous Potassium‐Ion Batteries

Abstract

Aqueous electrolytes are praised for their inherent safety, cost‐effectiveness, and minimal environmental impact, making aqueous potassium‐ion batteries (APIBs) a viable alternative for sustainable and eco‐friendly energy solutions. Researchers have endeavored to anode materials that align with the unique requirements of aqueous electrolytes, and some proud achievements are made. The research about APIBs anode has focused on organic materials and polyanionic compounds, both exhibiting desirable hydrated potassium storage performance, and in recent years, on the development of metal compounds and alloy‐based materials with high theoretical capacities. However, the anode of APIBs faces a narrow electrochemical stability window (ESW) caused by aqueous electrolytes and volume expansion problems due to the large radius of potassium ions, which prevents them from exhibiting appreciable capacity with satisfactory cycling stability. This review meticulously delineates the latest advancements and representative materials for the anode of APIBs and introduces several common aqueous electrolytes and effective improvement strategies for them. The focus is on the advantages and bottlenecks faced by different types of anode materials, culminating in a proposed methodology to enhance APIBs anode efficacy. This review endeavors to furnish novel perspectives on the development and pragmatic deployment of APIBs anodes.