Advanced biomarkers and its usage in Arabian camel medicine – a review

Tadjine, Mohamed

doi:10.1080/09712119.2023.2203749

Cited by 1 publication

(3 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…If it is suspected to have a form of tampering, it is then examined by ultrasound, thermography and if needed, by radiography as we reported (Tharwat and Al-Hawas 2021;Tharwat et al 2021a;Tharwat and Al-Hawas 2023;Tharwat 2024;Tharwat and Al-Hawas 2024). If the dulla is enlarged and sometimes protruded, the clitoris is enlarged and the head, neck and rest of the body is outstandingly enlarged, serum sample was collected and the testosterone and growth hormone were estimated in samples Tharwat 2023).…”

Section: Examinations and Detection If Tampering In Camelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fig. 1: Main cosmetic methods for tampering during the 3 rd to 7 th seasons of the King AbdulazizCamel Festival (2019-2023. The injected lips appeared larger than normal and pendulous (A), the stretched lips appeared enlarged, protruded and pulled outward (red arrow) (B) and the tied lips appeared extended and the feeling of its tips was harder (blue arrow) (C).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Number and percent of different cosmetic methods during the 3 rd to 7 thKing Abdulaziz Camel Festival (2019-2023 …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Retrospective Analysis of Different Cosmetic Methods in 53090 Dromedary Camels

2024

Int J Vet Sci

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This study was designed to retrospectively report and analyze different cosmetic methods detected for tampering in dromedary camels that were presented for the King Abdulaziz Camel Festival (KACF). The medical records of 53090 camels (Camelus dromedarius) were retrospectively evaluated from February 4 th , 2019 to January 12 th , 2023 during the events of the 3 rd to 7 th seasons of the beauty shows of the KACF. Camels having different forms of tampering were examined by inspection primarily. Following, suspected camels were screened by diagnostic imaging including ultrasound, thermography and radiography, and by laboratory evaluation of testosterone and growth hormones. During the 3 rd , 4 th , 5 th , 6 th , and 7 th KACF seasons, 11912, 11526, 4635, 12634, and 12385 camels were respectively examined and 4 main methods for tampering were detected. It included injection of cosmetic fillers, stretching and binding of lips and injection of hormones. The pattern of filler injection was increased from counted 0.126 % camels in the 3rd season to reach 0.606% camels during the 7th KACF activities and showed significant difference among various seasons (χ2 Value=111.258; P<0.001). Stretching of lips was also increased from only 0.034% cases at the 3rd to 2.212% camels at the 7th season (χ2 Value=526.355; P<0.001). In a similar pattern, binding of lips was increased from 0.025% camels during the 3rd to 0.525% camels during the 7th season (χ2 Value=129.906; P<0.001). Uses of hormones were also increased sharply from 0.008% camels at the 3rd to 0.129% camels during the 7th season. Collectively, overall tampering methods were increased from counted 0.193% camels in the 3 rd season to reach 3.496% camels during the 7 th KACF activities and showed significant difference among various seasons (χ 2 Value=508.898; P<0.001). In conclusion, a dramatic increase in tampering ways in dromedary camels presented to the KACF were noted. Therefore, a great challenge should be paid to the diagnosis of these methods that harm this creature, and even may cause undesirable permanent complications. Attention should also be paid to the new cosmetic methods that are discovered annually in camel beauty contests.

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