Advanced (Constant) Insect Pollination Mechanisms: Pattern of Evolution and Implications Vis-a-Vis Angiosperm Diversity

Crepet, William L.

doi:10.2307/2399041

Cited by 139 publications

(116 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…More than a century after Charles Darwin referred to the origin and rapid radiation of the angiosperms as an 'abominable mystery' (Darwin & Seward, 1903), there are still many unanswered questions about the underlying causes of this phenotypic variation. The flower, and the interactions with pollinators that it enhances, is considered one of the most important innovations that have allowed angiosperms to become the dominant element of today's flora (Crepet, 1984). Studies of closely related species whose flowers vary in their pollination syndromes are instrumental in understanding the evolution of the associated adaptive traits.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An ortholog of MIXTA‐like2 controls epidermal cell shape in flowers of Thalictrum

et al. 2009

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Summary• Here, we investigated the genetic underpinnings of pollination-related floral phenotypes in Thalictrum, a ranunculid with apetalous flowers. The variable presence of petaloid features in other floral organs correlates with distinct adaptations to insect vs. wind pollination. Conical cells are present in sepals or stamens of insectpollinated species, and in stigmas. We characterized a Thalictrum ortholog of the Antirrhinum majus transcription factor MIXTA-like2, responsible for conical cells, from three species with distinct floral morphologies, representing two pollination syndromes.• Genes were cloned by PCR and analysed phylogenetically. Expression analyses were conducted by quantitative PCR and in situ hybridization, followed by functional studies in transgenic tobacco.• The cloned genes encode R2R3 MYB proteins closely related to Antirrhinum AmMYBML2 and Petunia hybrida PhMYB1. Spatial expression by in situ hybridization overlaps areas of conical cells. Overexpression in tobacco induces cell outgrowths in carpel epidermis and significantly increases the height of petal conical cells.• We have described the first orthologs of AmMIXTA-like2 outside the core eudicots, likely ancestral to the MIXTA/MIXTA-like1 duplication. The conserved role in epidermal cell elongation results in conical cells, micromorphological markers for petaloidy. This adaptation to attract insect pollinators was apparently lost after the evolution of wind pollination in Thalictrum.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An ortholog of MIXTA‐like2 controls epidermal cell shape in flowers of Thalictrum

et al. 2009

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“…A complementary approach has been the use of systematic data of living species to identify major trends in angiosperm evolution and their possible effects on diversification (10). For example, many authors have investigated the importance of biological traits, such as biotic pollination (2,11,12), biotic seed dispersal (13)(14)(15), and life history flexibility (16,17), as putative key innovations. Increasingly, such studies rely on knowledge of phylogenetic relationships among higher taxa to estimate net diversification rates and pinpoint independent evolutionary events (18)(19)(20)(21), thereby circumventing the problems associated with comparing higher taxa of different ages (22).…”

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confidence: 99%

Darwin's abominable mystery: Insights from a supertree of the angiosperms

Davies

Barraclough

Chase

et al. 2004

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

545

554

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Angiosperms are among the major terrestrial radiations of life and a model group for studying patterns and processes of diversification. As a tool for future comparative studies, we compiled a supertree of angiosperm families from published phylogenetic studies. Sequence data from the plastid rbcL gene were used to estimate relative timing of branching events, calibrated by using robust fossil dates. The frequency of shifts in diversification rate is largely constant among time windows but with an apparent increase in diversification rates within the more recent time frames. Analyses of species numbers among families revealed that diversification rate is a labile attribute of lineages at all levels of the tree. An examination of the top 10 major shifts in diversification rates indicates they cannot easily be attributed to the action of a few key innovations but instead are consistent with a more complex process of diversification, reflecting the interactive effects of biological traits and the environment.

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“…Plant-insect interactions were key to the diversification of flowering plants (Crepet, 1984), with floral scent representing a primary mode of communication between plants and their pollinators (Raguso, 2008, Schiestl, 2010. Our data suggest that mosses, despite their lack of flowering structures, may similarly utilize volatile scents as cues to manipulate microarthropod behavior, resulting in increased moss fertilization.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Testing the Ecological and Physiological Factors Influencing Reproductive Success in Mosses

Shortlidge¹

2000

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As non-vascular, early land plants with an aquatic ancestry, mosses do not regulate internal water conditions separate from that of their environment and as a result, evolved mechanisms to survive in a terrestrial world out of water. Yet, there is a widely accepted dogma that moss reproductive success is solely dependent on rainfall events carrying swimming, bi-flagellate sperm across the landscape to reproductively mature and receptive female mosses -

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Advanced (Constant) Insect Pollination Mechanisms: Pattern of Evolution and Implications Vis-a-Vis Angiosperm Diversity

Cited by 139 publications

References 43 publications

An ortholog of MIXTA‐like2 controls epidermal cell shape in flowers of Thalictrum

An ortholog of MIXTA‐like2 controls epidermal cell shape in flowers of Thalictrum

Darwin's abominable mystery: Insights from a supertree of the angiosperms

Testing the Ecological and Physiological Factors Influencing Reproductive Success in Mosses

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