Advances in Additive Manufacturing Techniques for Bioprinting

Abstract

The advancements in the field of additive manufacturing have led to the significant developments in the field of biomedical sciences. This combinational progression has led to implementation of 3D printed biological components, such as cartilage, bone parts, skin layers, and other implants. Moreover, the inception of this technology in tissue engineering through integration of living cells for specific functions is another achievement bringing about a revolution in biomedical sciences. This research article aims at providing an in-depth review of the development in the additive manufacturing technologies that have been utilized for bioprinting of various tissue types, including dermal layers, bone implants, cardio-vascular parts, etc. The authors will also discuss the challenges and limitations in the technology considering the biocompatibility, mechanical properties, and incorporation of functional materials to make these artificially 3D printed components mimic properties to human biology.

Biomaterials / bioinks and extrusion bioprinting

“… Requires the careful adjustment of crosslinking agents to balance buoyancy of the crosslinking medium, as well as the gelation rate by tailoring the concentration of crosslinking agent to ensure the formation of printouts with high structural accuracy. [ [305] , [306] , [307] ] Pre-crosslinking Introducing gelled particles via either thermal, ionic or covalent crosslinking in bioinks before deposition. Increases the viscosity of a bioink and therefore the deposition quality; the structural stability of can then be easily achieved.…”