Advances in Corneal Imaging: Current Applications and Beyond

Shih, Kendrick Co; Tse, Ryan Hin-Kai; Lau, Yumi Tsz-Ying; Chan, Tommy C Y

doi:10.22608/apo.2018537

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…We attempted to present all methods that allowed a precise evaluation of the corneal shape. Emphasis was placed on studies published after the reviews by Oliveira et al [5] and Shih et al [6]. However, we aimed to present the current developments of these technologies and particularly distinguish corneal topography and tomography.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Current Developments in Corneal Topography and Tomography

2021

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Introduction: Accurate assessment of the corneal shape is important in cataract and refractive surgery, both in screening of candidates as well as for analyzing postoperative outcomes. Although corneal topography and tomography are widely used, it is common that these technologies are confused. The aim of this study was to present the current developments of these technologies and particularly distinguish between corneal topography and tomography. Methods: The PubMed, Web of Science and Embase databases were the main resources used to investigate the medical literature. The following keywords were used in various combinations: cornea, corneal, topography, tomography, Scheimpflug, Pentacam, optical coherence tomography. Results: Topography is the study of the shape of the corneal surface, while tomography allows a three-dimensional section of the cornea to be presented. Corneal topographers can be divided into large- and small-cone Placido-based devices, as well as devices with color-LEDs. For corneal tomography, scanning slit or Scheimpflug imaging and optical coherence tomography may be employed. In several devices, corneal topography and tomography have been successfully combined with tear-film analysis, aberrometry, optical biometry and anterior/posterior segment optical coherence tomography. Conclusion: There is a wide variety of imaging techniques to obtain corneal power maps. As different technologies are used, it is imperative that doctors involved in corneal surgery understand the science and clinical application of devices for corneal evaluation in depth.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although corneal topography and tomography are widely used, it is common that these technologies are confused [4,6,41,[80][81][82][83][84]. This corrigendum could be associated with the fact that at the time when corneal tomographers were developed, the nomenclature was not yet defined [8].…”

Section: Confusion In Terminologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Developments in Corneal Topography and Tomography

2021

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In-vivo confocal microscopy predicts cytomegalovirus as the cause of chronic or recurrent anterior uveitis among Chinese

Kwok,

Kam,

Mok

et al. 2024

Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol

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Purpose To evaluate and compare endothelial features by in-vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM) in Chinese eyes with chronic or recurrent anterior uveitis (AU) with and without cytomegalovirus (CMV). Methods A double-masked, cross-sectional case-control study at a tertiary eye clinic. Results Thirty eyes of 30 subjects were analyzed. Fifteen eyes (50%) were CMV positive, while fifteen eyes were negative for herpes simplex virus, varicella zoster virus and CMV. Absence of pseudoguttata was the strongest, independent risk factor for CMV (OR 34.53, 95% CI: 1.84-648.02, p = 0.018), followed by severe iris depigmentation (OR 31.45, 1.02-965.81, p = 0.048) and low corneal endothelial cell density (ECD) (OR 14.79, 1.14–191.30, p = 0.039) on univariable regression. All three remained statistically significant after adjustment. The combination of absence of pseudoguttata and low ECD on IVCM achieved a similar predictive value as iris depigmentation examination. Conclusion Absence of pseudoguttata on IVCM was an independent predictor of positive CMV detection after adjusting for iris depigmentation and corneal endothelial cell density. The addition of this feature to severe iris depigmentation and low corneal ECD can increase the positive predictive value of detecting CMV. IVCM was a useful non-invasive tool to predict CMV in patients with chronic or recurrent AU.

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