Advances in diagnosing mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer’s disease using 11C-PIB- PET/CT and common neuropsychological tests

Abstract

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a critical health issue worldwide that has a negative impact on patients’ quality of life, as well as on caregivers, society, and the environment. Positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) and neuropsychological scales can be used to identify AD and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) early, provide a differential diagnosis, and offer early therapies to impede the course of the illness. However, there are few reports of large-scale 11C-PIB-PET/CT investigations that focus on the pathology of AD and MCI. Therefore, further research is needed to determine how neuropsychological test scales and PET/CT measurements of disease progression interact.

Patterns of longitudinal subcortical atrophy over one year in amnestic mild cognitive impairment and its impact on cognitive performance: a preliminary study

“…In line with the previous studies [ 7 , 8 , 25 ], the nucleus accumbens in our study were atrophied in aMCI and had an association with memory. The nucleus accumbens, located within the basal ganglia, can be affected in the early stages of AD and cause cognitive decline [ 42 ]. As a part of the limbic striatal loop, the nucleus accumbens contributes to memory and spatial learning with close connections with limbic structures of the prefrontal cortex, the amygdala, and the hippocampus [ 8 ].…”

The novel imaging methods in diagnosis and assessment of cerebrovascular diseases: an overview

“…For cerebrovascular diseases, commonly used radiotracers include fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) ( 85 ), which measures glucose metabolism, and oxygen-15 labeled water (H2^15O), which measures regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) ( 86 ). Other tracers such as carbon-11 labeled Pittsburgh compound B (PiB) and fluorine-18 labeled florbetapir have been used to evaluate cerebral amyloid deposition in conditions like Alzheimer’s disease ( 87 , 88 ).…”

Two decades of [11C]PiB synthesis, 2003-2023: a review

“…The current view of the field seems to hold that although AD pathogenesis remains unclear, there are several mechanisms to be considered including Aβ protein deposition, tau protein hyperphos-phorylation, inflammation, oxidative stress, mitochondrial, and cerebrovascular changes [84]. [ 11 C]PiB PET data must be combined with other neuropsychological testing to better define AD progression [85].…”