Advances in Hemodialysis Techniques

Karkar, Ayman

doi:10.5772/52444

Cited by 18 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 155 publications

(205 reference statements)

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“…(Not Graded) [42]. The supplementation of oral iron is the simplest and cheapest iron deficiency therapy; however, it is frequently ineffective in CKD patients [79]. Oral preparations of iron (e.g., ferrous sulfate) are not appropriate in CKD patients due to impaired intestinal iron absorption and side-effect in the form of abdominal discomfort, constipation, and nausea [42].…”

Section: Anemia Treatment With Ironmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Inflammation on Anemia in CKD Patients

Gluba-Brzózka

Franczyk

Olszewski

et al. 2020

IJMS

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Anemia is frequently observed in the course of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and it is associated with diminishing the quality of a patient’s life. It also enhances morbidity and mortality and hastens the CKD progression rate. Patients with CKD frequently suffer from a chronic inflammatory state which is related to a vast range of underlying factors. The results of studies have demonstrated that persistent inflammation may contribute to the variability in Hb levels and hyporesponsiveness to erythropoietin stimulating agents (ESA), which are frequently observed in CKD patients. The understanding of the impact of inflammatory cytokines on erythropoietin production and hepcidin synthesis will enable one to unravel the net of interactions of multiple factors involved in the pathogenesis of the anemia of chronic disease. It seems that anti-cytokine and anti-oxidative treatment strategies may be the future of pharmacological interventions aiming at the treatment of inflammation-associated hyporesponsiveness to ESA. The discovery of new therapeutic approaches towards the treatment of anemia in CKD patients has become highly awaited. The treatment of anemia with erythropoietin (EPO) was associated with great benefits for some patients but not all.

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Section: Anemia Treatment With Ironmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Inflammation on Anemia in CKD Patients

Gluba-Brzózka

Franczyk

Olszewski

et al. 2020

IJMS

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“…Hemodialysis-related complications such as headache, fatigue, lack of functionality and concentration, anemia, mineral and bone metabolism disorder, and inadequate nutrition result in patients' lower quality of life. This reflects the fact that even conventional hemodialysis has contributed in longer life span of patients, it fails to maintain full quality of life [35].…”

Section: Current Progress In Hemodialysis Membranes Technology 61 MImentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Middle and large molecular structures (with average molecular weights higher than 500 Dalton) and excess water accumulation are mentioned to impose concentration-dependent toxicity and, accordingly, higher mortality [35,36]. These molecular structures range from smaller ones such as phosphorus and uremia with molecular weight less than 0.6 kDa to cytokines such as interleukin with molecular weight equal to 26 kDa.…”

Section: Current Progress In Hemodialysis Membranes Technology 61 MImentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges and Advances in Hemodialysis Membranes

Mollahosseini¹,

Abdelrasoul²,

Shoker³

2020

Advances in Membrane Technologies

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Hemodialysis (HD) is a filtration vital process through which the bloods' toxins and contaminations are removed. However, several immune system activations occur during dialysis, which can result in morbidity and mortality. The efficiency of the currently available blood purification process is hindered, on one hand, by the deficient toxins and middle molecule removal, and on the other hand, with the loss of valuable blood components (such as plasma and its constituents). This chapter offers an overview of the challenges and advances in HD membranes. It includes an introduction of the end stage renal disease, concepts of dialysis, its historical background, and the path through which the configurations and materials evolved. The interactions between membrane polymeric materials with human blood is also discussed. The aspect of material modification is one of the critical areas in HD technology as it targets to solve the most immediate and prevalent HD issue of membrane bioincompatibility. High flux dialysis (HFD) and hemofiltration (HF) are introduced and discussed. This class of membranes was introduced to solve middle molecule (such as β2-microglobulin) related challenges. This chapter highlights the question of why the issue of incompatible materials still exists along with current membrane modifications.

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“…High-flux dialyzers are characterized by a KUF coefficient > 15 mL/h/mm Hg and an ability to clear β2Ms at a rate of more than 20 mL/min. 29 β2-microglobulin clearance is also the basis for the 5-level dialyzer classification system developed in Japan (Table 2). Grades 4 and 5 are characterized by clearance ≥70 mL/min and a blood flow of 200 mL/min with a dialysate flow of 500 mL/min.…”

Section: Dialyzer Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dialysis membranes: A 2018 update

Olczyk¹,

Małyszczak²,

Kusztal³

2018

Polim. Med.

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Dialysis membranes are the basic element of a hemodialyzer. Synthetic and natural materials characterized by various fiber arrangements are used in their production. The most up-to-date ones are made of synthetic polymers such as polyamide, phosphatidylserine (PS), polyacrylonitrile-based fiber (PAN), polyarylethersulfone, polyethersulfone, or polymethylmethacrylate. Dialysis membranes are characterized by the ability to remove uremic molecules, which can be divided into small water-soluble compounds, protein-bound compounds and larger "middle molecules". Newer membranes such as medium cut off membranes (MCO) allow the removal of a wider spectrum of uremic molecules, which reduces the risk of late complications of dialysis. Dialysis membranes are used in therapy methods such as low flux, high flux or HDx therapy. An important aim in dialysis membrane development is to increase their biocompatibility. Insufficient biocompatibility can result in complement activation or platelet activation, which can lead to an increased risk of cardiovascular complications. The aim of the study is to discuss the latest reports on dialysis membranes.

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Advances in Hemodialysis Techniques

Cited by 18 publications

References 155 publications

The Influence of Inflammation on Anemia in CKD Patients

The Influence of Inflammation on Anemia in CKD Patients

Challenges and Advances in Hemodialysis Membranes

Dialysis membranes: A 2018 update

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