Advances toward DNA-based identification and phylogeny of North American Armillaria species using elongation factor-1 alpha gene

Abstract

The translation elongation factor-1 alpha (EF-1a) gene was used to examine the phylogenetic relationships among 30 previously characterized isolates representing ten North American Armillaria species:American biological species X, A. cepistipes, and A. tabescens. The phylogenetic relationships revealed clear separation of all ten North American Armillaria species, with the exception of one A. gallica isolate that perhaps represents an unnamed cryptic species. These results indicate that the EF-1a gene could potentially serve as a diagnostic tool for distinguishing among currently recognized North American biological species of Armillaria.

Muerte descendente de Prunus sp. asociada a Armillaria spp. en huertas comerciales de Michoacán, México

“…DNA extraction was performed using the AxyPrep™ Multisource Genomic DNA Miniprep (Axygen) kit, according to the manufacturer's instructions. PCR was performed using the ARMEF-3-A (CGT GAY TTY ATC AAG AAC ATG) and ARMEF-R (TAC CCG TTC GGC GAT CAA TCT) primers designed in the amplified region for the Tef-1α gen (translation elongation factor 1α) (Ross-Davis et al, 2012). Amplified reactions were performed in a standard TProfessional thermocycler (Biometra, Germany) using a final volume of 25 µL with the following reagents: Taq DNA Buffer PCR 1X, MgCl2 1 mM, corteza con micelio y rizomorfos de color marrón a negro.…”

“…Identifying this genus based on morphological traits is complicated because, in most cases, only asexual or vegetative structures are found. One of the issues extensively discussed in the literature is the lack of sexual structures that would allow identifying the genus based on classical taxonomy Brazee et al, 2011;Ross-Davis et al, 2012). Over the past few years, molecular data, (SAGARPA, 2014).…”

“…El género Armillaria incluye más de 40 especies, su identificación a partir de los caracteres morfológicos es complicada, debido a que en la mayoría de los casos, solo se encuentran estructuras asexuales o vegetativas, uno de los puntos que se ha discutido ampliamente en la literatura es la falta de estructuras sexuales para realizar la identificación taxonómica clásica Brazee et al, 2011;Ross-Davis et al, 2012). En los últimos años, los datos moleculares, específi-camente las secuencias de ADN, se están utilizado para identificar las especies de hongos y realizar estudios filogenéticos (Cai et al, 2011;Guo et al, 2016;Koch et al, 2017).…”

“…Las especies del género Armillaria se han detectado en bosques naturales y huertas fructícolas (Cibrián et al, 2007) y se puede comportar como saprófitas o patógenas (Ross-Davis et al, 2012). Aún con el desplante de árboles infectados, el micelio sobrevive como saprófito, las raíces residuales specifically DNA sequences, have been used to identify species of fungi and conduct phylogenetic studies (Cai et al, 2011;Guo et al, 2016;Koch et al, 2017).…”

“…In natural forest areas and fruit orchards, species of Armillaria genus have been detected (Cibrián et al, 2007) that behave as saprophytes or pathogens (Ross-Davis et al, 2012). Even after infected trees are cut, the mycelium survives as a saprophyte, and residual roots can remain buried in the soil and serve as inoculum (Redfern and Filip, 1991).…”