Advocacy interventions to reduce or eliminate violence and promote the physical and psychosocial well-being of women who experience intimate partner abuse

Ramsay, Jean; Carter, Yvonne; Davidson, Leslie L.; Dunne, Danielle; Eldridge, Sandra; Hegarty, Kelsey; Rivas, Carol; Taft, Angela; Warburton, Alison; Feder, Gene

doi:10.1002/14651858.cd005043.pub2

Cited by 135 publications

(136 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…The WMH data were too coarse to search for modifiable risk factors that might be targeted to prevent future trauma exposure, but the strong inter-temporal patterning of exposure suggests that such an investigation might make sense. Preventive interventions with this focus already exist for recurrences of drunk driving (Miller, Curtis, Sønderlund, Day, & Droste, 2015), intimate partner violence (Ramsay et al, 2009), and sexual violence (Marques, Wiederanders, Day, Nelson, & Ommeren, 2005), but our results raise the possibility of also developing risk models to target broader types of secondary preventive interventions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Trauma and PTSD in the WHO World Mental Health Surveys

Kessler

Aguilar‐Gaxiola

Alonso

et al. 2017

European Journal of Psychotraumatology

1,048

720

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Background: Although post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) onset-persistence is thought to vary significantly by trauma type, most epidemiological surveys are incapable of assessing this because they evaluate lifetime PTSD only for traumas nominated by respondents as their ‘worst.’ Objective: To review research on associations of trauma type with PTSD in the WHO World Mental Health (WMH) surveys, a series of epidemiological surveys that obtained representative data on trauma-specific PTSD. Method: WMH Surveys in 24 countries (n = 68,894) assessed 29 lifetime traumas and evaluated PTSD twice for each respondent: once for the ‘worst’ lifetime trauma and separately for a randomly-selected trauma with weighting to adjust for individual differences in trauma exposures. PTSD onset-persistence was evaluated with the WHO Composite International Diagnostic Interview. Results: In total, 70.4% of respondents experienced lifetime traumas, with exposure averaging 3.2 traumas per capita. Substantial between-trauma differences were found in PTSD onset but less in persistence. Traumas involving interpersonal violence had highest risk. Burden of PTSD, determined by multiplying trauma prevalence by trauma-specific PTSD risk and persistence, was 77.7 person-years/100 respondents. The trauma types with highest proportions of this burden were rape (13.1%), other sexual assault (15.1%), being stalked (9.8%), and unexpected death of a loved one (11.6%). The first three of these four represent relatively uncommon traumas with high PTSD risk and the last a very common trauma with low PTSD risk. The broad category of intimate partner sexual violence accounted for nearly 42.7% of all person-years with PTSD. Prior trauma history predicted both future trauma exposure and future PTSD risk. Conclusions: Trauma exposure is common throughout the world, unequally distributed, and differential across trauma types with respect to PTSD risk. Although a substantial minority of PTSD cases remits within months after onset, mean symptom duration is considerably longer than previously recognized.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Trauma and PTSD in the WHO World Mental Health Surveys

Kessler

Aguilar‐Gaxiola

Alonso

et al. 2017

European Journal of Psychotraumatology

1,048

720

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) and text words were used for electronic database searches, from their dates of inception up to 31st January 2012. Terms for domestic violence were adapted from Cochrane protocols and literature reviews; [31][32][33] terms for mental disorders were adapted from NICE guidelines (see supplementary information) [34]. When updating the reviews on violence perpetration, we used the author's original search terms to search databases from February 2009 (the upper limit of the original review) to 31st January 2012 [29,30].…”

Section: Search Strategymentioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic review of mental disorders and perpetration of domestic violence among military populations

Trevillion

Williamson

Thandi

et al. 2015

Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol

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Purpose Military populations may experience more severe forms of domestic violence than the general population. Although mental disorders are associated with domestic violence perpetration among the general population, it is not clear whether this is the case for military populations. This review aimed to establish the prevalence and odds of domestic violence perpetration among male and female military personnel with mental disorders. Methods Systematic review: searches of eleven electronic databases were supplemented by hand searches, reference screening, citation tracking and expert recommendations.Results Ten studies were included; nine reporting on partner violence and one on violence against an adult family member. Median prevalence estimates were calculated for partner violence perpetration among male military personnel with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD); estimates on other disorders were not possible due to lack of data. 27.5 % of men with PTSD reported past year physical violence perpetration against a partner and 91.0 % reported past year psychological violence perpetration against a partner. Due to limited data, no median estimates could be calculated for female military personnel. Data from individual papers indicate increased odds of past year partner violence perpetration among male and female military personnel with depression; inconsistent findings were reported for risk of partner violence perpetration among male and female military personnel with PTSD.Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article

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“…One US randomised, controlled trial demonstrated the effectiveness of a community-based advocacy intervention, offering advice and practical support to women, in reducing the levels of violence and improving social support and quality of life. 5 However, it is difficult to generalise these findings to abused women attending health services, since the intervention was delivered to women who had already left their abuser and actively sought help. Little is known about advocacy interventions for abused women using health services who are still in the relationship.…”

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confidence: 99%