Aerolysin and Related Aeromonas Toxins

Gurcel, Laure; Iacovache, Ioan; Goot, F. Gisou van der

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-800188-2.00026-4

Cited by 6 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 120 publications

(181 reference statements)

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“…19 Aerolysin, a pore-forming toxin generated by Aeromonas species, can oligomerize to form transmembrane pores 1.5 nm in diameter. 20 Interestingly, aerolysin-like proteins (ALPs) have been widely discovered in vertebrates, including fishes, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and platypuses. 21,22 Increasing evidence suggests that they play functional roles in host innate immunity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A secreted pore‐forming protein modulates cellular endolysosomes to augment antigen presentation

Deng

Liu

et al. 2020

FASEB j.

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Bacterial pore‐forming toxin aerolysin‐like proteins are widely distributed in animals and plants. Emerging evidence supports their roles in host innate immunity, but their direct actions in adaptive immunity remain elusive. In this study, we found that βγ‐CAT, an aerolysin‐like protein and trefoil factor complex identified in the frog Bombina maxima, modulated several steps of endocytic pathways during dendritic cell antigen presentation. The protein augmented the antigen uptake of dendritic cells and actively neutralized the acidification of cellular endocytic organelles to favor antigen presentation. In addition, the release of functional exosome‐like extracellular vesicles was largely enhanced in the presence of βγ‐CAT. The cellular action of βγ‐CAT increased the number of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) I‐ovalbumin and MHC II molecules on dendritic cell surfaces and the released exosome‐like extracellular vesicles. An enhanced antigen presentation capacity of dendritic cell for priming of naive T cells was detected in the presence of βγ‐CAT. Collectively, these effects led to strong cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses and antigen‐specific antibody responses. Our findings provide evidence that a vertebrate‐secreted pore‐forming protein can augment antigen presentation by directly modulating cellular endocytic and exocytic pathways, leading to robust activation of adaptive immunity.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A secreted pore‐forming protein modulates cellular endolysosomes to augment antigen presentation

Deng

Liu

et al. 2020

FASEB j.

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Bacterial pore-forming toxins: The (w)hole story?

Gonzalez

Bischofberger

Pernot

et al. 2007

Cell. Mol. Life Sci.

230

187

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Pore-forming toxins (PFTs) are the most common class of bacterial protein toxins and constitute important bacterial virulence factors. The mode of action of PFT is starting to be better understood. In contrast, little is known about the cellular response to this threat. Recent studies reveal that cells do not just swell and lyse, but are able to sense and react to pore formation, mount a defense, even repair the damaged membrane and thus survive. These responses involve a variety of signal-transduction pathways and sophisticated cellular mechanisms such as the pathway regulating lipid metabolism. In this review we discuss the different classes of bacterial PFTs and their modes of action, and provide examples of how the different bacteria use PFTs. Finally, we address the more recent field dealing with the eukaryotic cell response to PFT-induced damage.

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Pichia pastoris composition expressed aerolysin mutant of Aeromonas veronii as an oral vaccine evaluated in zebrafish (Danio rerio)

Yao,

Zhang,

Liu

et al. 2024

Mar Life Sci Technol

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Vaccines are one of the most practical means to stop the spreading of Aeromonas veronii in aquaculture. In this study, virulence factor aerolysin mutant NTaer which has lost its hemolytic activity was used as a target antigen. Pichia pastoris constitutive secretory expression NTaer (GS115-NTaer) was used as a potential safe oral vaccine to evaluate its effectiveness on zebrafish immunity. The result shows that vaccination of GS115- NTaer for four weeks did not affect the growth performance of the host, while eliciting an effective immune protective response. Compared with the control group, the GS115-NTaer could significantly up-regulate the relative expression level of the intestinal tight junction protein 1α (TJP1α) gene, and significantly increased the contents of lysozyme (LYZ), complement C3 and C4 in the gut, indicating that the innate immune response of the fish was activated. The relative gene expression levels of macrophage-expressed gene 1 (MPEG1) and T cell receptor (TCR-α) in the gut, and MPEG1, CD4, CD8, TCR-α, GATA3, and T-bet in the spleen were all increased significantly, indicating that the cellular immune response of the fish was activated. Furthermore, the contents of serum IgM and intestinal mucosa IgZ antibodies were significantly increased, which showed that humoral immunity was also activated. Moreover, inoculation with GS115-NTaer significantly changed the structure of gut microbiota. In particular, the relative ratio of (Firmicutes + Fusobacteriota + Bacteroidota)/Proteobacteria was significantly higher than that of the control and GS115 groups. Lastly, the vaccinated fish were challenged with A. veronii, and the relative percent survival of GS115 and the GS115-NTear groups was 14.28% and 33.43%. This improvement of immunity was not only due to the specific immune response but also attributed to the improvement of innate immunity and the gut microbiota which was demonstrated by the germ-free zebrafish model. Collectively, this study provides information on the effectiveness of GS115-NTear as an oral vaccine for the green prevention and control of A. veronii infection in fish aquaculture.

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Aerolysin and Related Aeromonas Toxins

Cited by 6 publications

References 120 publications

A secreted pore‐forming protein modulates cellular endolysosomes to augment antigen presentation

A secreted pore‐forming protein modulates cellular endolysosomes to augment antigen presentation

Bacterial pore-forming toxins: The (w)hole story?

Pichia pastoris composition expressed aerolysin mutant of Aeromonas veronii as an oral vaccine evaluated in zebrafish (Danio rerio)

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