Aerosol optical depth over the mountainous region in central Asia (Issyk‐Kul Lake, Kyrgyzstan)

Semenov, V. K.

doi:10.1029/2004gl021746

Cited by 20 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The maximum number of days with dust storms in Turkmenistan occurs between May and August, making up 62% of the annual total [22] . The aerosol optical depth over Issyk-Kul Lake (Kyrgyzstan) during the past four years shows an increase from May through September, which usually peaks during July [23] . Dust storms are prevalent through the high Iran-Afghanistan desert plains in summer, often associated with what has been referred to as the 'wind of 120 days', the highly persistent winds during the warm season [24] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal variations of dust record in the Muztagata ice cores

Tian

et al. 2008

Sci. Bull.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal variations of dust record in the Muztagata ice cores

Tian

et al. 2008

Sci. Bull.

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“…The mountain chains impede the transport of the polluted air from Chu Valley in Bishkek, the capital of Kyrgyzstan, and from Almaty, a huge industrial center in Kazakhstan (Semenov et al 2005). Observations of a long-term total O 3 column (Aref 'ev et al 1995;Visheratin et al 2006), total NO 2 column (Aref 'ev et al 1995(Aref 'ev et al , 2009Ionov et al 2008), total CO column (Aref'ev et al 2013), and height mean concentrations of CO 2 (Kashin et al 2007 have been reported along with atmospheric spectral transparency observations Semenov 1994, Aref'ev et al 2008;Semenov et al 2005). …”

Section: Region Ii: Asiamentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of atmospheric chemistry observations at mountain sites

Okamoto

Tanimoto

2016

Prog. in Earth and Planet. Sci.

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Located far from anthropogenic emission sources, high-altitude mountain stations are considered to be ideal sites for monitoring climatic and environmentally important baseline changes in free tropospheric trace gases and aerosols. In addition, the observations taken at these stations are often used to study the long-range transport of dust as well as anthropogenic and biomass burning pollutants from source regions and to evaluate the performance of global and regional models. In this paper, we summarize the results from past and ongoing field measurements of atmospheric constituents at high-altitude stations across the globe, with particular emphasis on reactive trace species including tropospheric ozone, along with its precursors such as carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, total reactive nitrogen, and nonmethane hydrocarbons. Over the past decades, our understanding of the temporal variability and meteorological mechanisms of long-range transport has advanced in tandem with progress in instrumentation and modeling. Finally, the future needs of atmospheric chemistry observations at mountain sites are addressed.

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“…Measurements with sun photometers, despite being rare in inland Central Asia (Klüser et al, 2015;Bayat et al, 2011), can provide column-integrated aerosol properties (Semenov et al, 2005;Bi et al, 2016;Chen et al, 2013). Additionally, vertically resolved information on aerosol optical properties are needed to thoroughly investigate radiative effects and dust-cloud interactions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term profiling of mineral dust and pollution aerosol with multiwavelength polarization Raman lidar at the Central Asian site of Dushanbe, Tajikistan: case studies

et al. 2017

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Abstract. For the first time, continuous vertically resolved aerosol measurements were performed by lidar in Tajikistan, Central Asia. Observations with the multiwavelength polarization Raman lidar Polly XT were conducted during CADEX (Central Asian Dust EXperiment) in Dushanbe, Tajikistan, from March 2015 to August 2016. Co-located with the lidar, a sun photometer was also operated. The goal of CADEX is to provide an unprecedented data set on vertically resolved aerosol optical properties in Central Asia, an area highly affected by climate change but largely missing vertically resolved aerosol measurements. During the 18-month measurement campaign, mineral dust was detected frequently from ground to the cirrus level height. In this study, an overview of the measurement period is given and four typical but different example measurement cases are discussed in detail. Three of them are dust cases and one is a contrasting pollution aerosol case. Vertical profiles of the measured optical properties and the calculated dust and non-dust mass concentrations are presented. Dust source regions were identified by means of backward trajectory analyses. A lofted layer of Middle Eastern dust with an aerosol optical thickness (AOT) of 0.4 and an extinction-related Ångström exponent of 0.41 was measured. In comparison, two near-ground dust cases have Central Asian sources. One is an extreme dust event with an AOT of 1.5 and Ångström exponent of 0.12 and the other one is a most extreme dust event with an AOT of above 4 (measured by sun photometer) and an Ångström exponent of −0.08. The observed lidar ratios (and particle linear depolarization ratios) in the presented dust cases range from 40.3 to 46.9 sr (and 0.18-0.29) at 355 nm and from 35.7 to 42.9 sr (0.31-0.35) at 532 nm wavelength. The particle linear depolarization ratios indicate almost unpolluted dust in the case of a lofted dust layer and pure dust in the near-ground dust cases. The lidar ratio values are lower than typical lidar ratio values for Saharan dust (50-60 sr) and comparable to Middle Eastern or west-Asian dust lidar ratios (35-45 sr). In contrast, the presented case of pollution aerosol of local origin has an Ångström exponent of 2.07 and a lidar ratio (particle linear depolarization ratio) of 55.8 sr (0.03) at 355 nm and 32.8 sr (0.08) at 532 nm wavelength.

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Aerosol optical depth over the mountainous region in central Asia (Issyk‐Kul Lake, Kyrgyzstan)

Cited by 20 publications

References 9 publications

Seasonal variations of dust record in the Muztagata ice cores

Seasonal variations of dust record in the Muztagata ice cores

A review of atmospheric chemistry observations at mountain sites

Long-term profiling of mineral dust and pollution aerosol with multiwavelength polarization Raman lidar at the Central Asian site of Dushanbe, Tajikistan: case studies

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