Aerosol optical properties assessed by an inversion method using the solar principal plane for non-spherical particles

Olmo, F.J.; Quirantes, A.; Lara, Visitación Gallardo; Lyamani, H.; Alados-Arboledas, L.

doi:10.1016/j.jqsrt.2007.12.019

“…The largest annual mean contribution of desert dust coincides with the Sierra Nevada mountain range with values reaching up to 30 µg m -3 . Such concentrations are the consequences of (1) the mountain range location within the main zone of dust deposition (70% of dust export is deposited within the first 2000 km, Jaenicke and Schütz, 1978) and (2) the existence of several peaks within the mountain range 3000 m above sea level (asl) which corresponds to the altitude range for Saharan dust transport (between 1500 and 4000 m asl, Talbot et al, 1986;Olmo et al, 2008).…”

Section: Particulate Mattermentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatio-temporal variability of concentrations and speciation of particulate matter across Spain in the CALIOPE modeling system

Pay

¹

,

Jiménez‐Guerrero

²

,

Jorba

³

et al. 2012

Atmospheric Environment

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The CALIOPE project, funded by the Spanish Ministry of the Environment, aims at establishing an air quality forecasting system for Spain. With this goal, CALIOPE modeling system was developed and applied with high resolution (4 km x 4 km, 1hr) using the HERMES emission model (including emissions of resuspended particles from paved roads) specifically built up for Spain. The present study provides an evaluation and an assessment of that air quality modeling system, namely WRF-ARW/HERMES/CMAQ/BSC-DREAM8b for a full year simulation in 2004 over Spain. The evaluation focused on the capability of the model to reproduce the temporal and spatial distribution of gas phase species (NO2, O3, and SO2) and particulate matter (PM10) against ground-based measurements from the Spanish air quality monitoring network. The evaluation of the modeling results on an hourly basis showed a strong dependency of the performance of the model on the type of zone (urban, suburban and rural) and the dominant emission sources (traffic, industrial, and background). The O3 chemistry is best represented in summer, when mean hourly variability and high peaks are generally well reproduced. The mean normalized error and bias meet the recommendations proposed by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (US-EPA) and the European regulations. Modeled O3 shows higher performance for urban than for rural stations, especially at traffic stations in large cities, since stations influenced by traffic emissions (i.e. high NOx emissions) are better characterized with a more pronounced daily variability. NOx/O3 chemistry is better represented under non-limited-NO2 regimes. SO 2 is mainly produced from isolated point sources (power generation and transformation industries) which generate large plumes of high SO 2 concentration affecting the air quality on a local to national scale where the meteorological pattern is crucial. The contribution of mineral dust from the Sahara desert through the BSC-DREAM8b model helps to satisfactorily reproduce episodic high PM10 concentration peaks at background stations. The model assessment indicates that one of the main air quality-related problems in Spain is the high level of O3. A quarter of the Iberian Peninsula presents more than 30 days exceeding the value 120 µg m -3 for the maximum 8-hr O3 concentration as a consequence of the transport of O3 precursors downwind the Madrid and Barcelona metropolitan areas, and industrial areas and cities in the Mediterranean coast.

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“…In the southern part of Spain, African dust outbreaks contribute significantly to the aerosol loadings, ranging from to 10 to 20 µg m . Such concentrations are the consequences of (1) the mountain range location within the main zone of dust deposition (70% of dust export is deposited within the first 2000 km, Jaenicke and Schütz, 1978) and (2) the existence of several peaks within the mountain range 3000 m above sea level (asl) which corresponds to the altitude range for Saharan dust transport (between 1500 and 4000 m asl, Talbot et al, 1986;Olmo et al, 2008).…”

Section: Particulate Mattermentioning

confidence: 99%

An annual assessment of air quality with the CALIOPE modeling system over Spain

Baldasano

¹

,

Pay

²

,

Jorba

³

et al. 2011

Science of The Total Environment

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The CALIOPE project, funded by the Spanish Ministry of the Environment, aims at establishing an air quality forecasting system for Spain. With this goal, CALIOPE modeling system was developed and applied with high resolution (4 km x 4 km, 1hr) using the HERMES emission model (including emissions of resuspended particles from paved roads) specifically built up for Spain. The present study provides an evaluation and an assessment of that air quality modeling system, namely WRF-ARW/HERMES/CMAQ/BSC-DREAM8b for a full year simulation in 2004 over Spain. The evaluation focused on the capability of the model to reproduce the temporal and spatial distribution of gas phase species (NO2, O3, and SO2) and particulate matter (PM10) against ground-based measurements from the Spanish air quality monitoring network. The evaluation of the modeling results on an hourly basis showed a strong dependency of the performance of the model on the type of zone (urban, suburban and rural) and the dominant emission sources (traffic, industrial, and background). The O3 chemistry is best represented in summer, when mean hourly variability and high peaks are generally well reproduced. The mean normalized error and bias meet the recommendations proposed by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (US-EPA) and the European regulations. Modeled O3 shows higher performance for urban than for rural stations, especially at traffic stations in large cities, since stations influenced by traffic emissions (i.e. high NOx emissions) are better characterized with a more pronounced daily variability. NOx/O3 chemistry is better represented under non-limited-NO2 regimes. SO 2 is mainly produced from isolated point sources (power generation and transformation industries) which generate large plumes of high SO 2 concentration affecting the air quality on a local to national scale where the meteorological pattern is crucial. The contribution of mineral dust from the Sahara desert through the BSC-DREAM8b model helps to satisfactorily reproduce episodic high PM10 concentration peaks at background stations. The model assessment indicates that one of the main air quality-related problems in Spain is the high level of O3. A quarter of the Iberian Peninsula presents more than 30 days exceeding the value 120 µg m -3 for the maximum 8-hr O3 concentration as a consequence of the transport of O3 precursors downwind the Madrid and Barcelona metropolitan areas, and industrial areas and cities in the Mediterranean coast.

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“…Furthermore, other sophisticated algorithms that use sky radiance measurements were developed for the retrieval of aerosol microphysical properties as well as intensive properties such as single-scattering albedo (SSA), asymmetry parameter and aerosol refractive index (RI) (e.g. Nakajima et al, 1996;Olmo et al, , 2008. Nevertheless, all these algorithms and measurements only provide column-integrated aerosol properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative assessment of GRASP algorithm for a dust event over Granada (Spain) during ChArMEx-ADRIMED 2013 campaign

Benavent-Oltra

¹

,

Román

²

,

Granados-Muñoz

³

et al. 2017

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Abstract. In this study, vertical profiles and columnintegrated aerosol properties retrieved by the GRASP (Generalized Retrieval of Atmosphere and Surface Properties) algorithm are evaluated with in situ airborne measurements made during the ChArMEx-ADRIMED field campaign in summer 2013. In the framework of this campaign, two different flights took place over Granada (Spain) during a desert dust episode on 16 and 17 June. The GRASP algorithm, which combines lidar and sun-sky photometer data measured at Granada, was used to retrieve aerosol properties. Two sun-photometer datasets are used: one co-located with the lidar system and the other in the Cerro Poyos station, approximately 1200 m higher than the lidar system but at a short horizontal distance.Column-integrated aerosol microphysical properties retrieved by GRASP are compared with AERONET products showing a good agreement. Differences between GRASP retrievals and airborne extinction profiles are in the range of 15 to 30 %, depending on the instrument on board the aircraft used as reference. On 16 June, a case where the dust layer was coupled to the aerosol layer close to surface, the total volume concentration differences between in situ data and GRASP retrieval are 15 and 36 % for Granada and Cerro Poyos retrievals, respectively. In contrast, on 17 June the dust layer was decoupled from the aerosol layer close to the surface, and the differences are around 17 % for both retrievals. In general, all the discrepancies found are within the uncertainly limits, showing the robustness and reliability of the GRASP algorithm. However, the better agreement found for the Cerro Poyos retrieval with the aircraft data and the vertical homogeneity of certain properties retrieved with GRASP, such as the scattering Ångström exponent, for cases with aerosol layers characterized by different aerosol types, shows that uncertainties in the vertical distribution of the aerosol properties have to be considered.The comparison presented here between GRASP and other algorithms (i.e. AERONET and LIRIC) and with airborne in situ measurements shows the potential to retrieve the optical and microphysical profiles of the atmospheric aerosol properties. Also, the advantage of GRASP versus LIRIC is that GRASP does not assume the results of the AERONET inversion as a starting point.

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Aerosol optical properties assessed by an inversion method using the solar principal plane for non-spherical particles

Cited by 49 publications

References 22 publications

Spatio-temporal variability of concentrations and speciation of particulate matter across Spain in the CALIOPE modeling system

Spatio-temporal variability of concentrations and speciation of particulate matter across Spain in the CALIOPE modeling system

An annual assessment of air quality with the CALIOPE modeling system over Spain

Comparative assessment of GRASP algorithm for a dust event over Granada (Spain) during ChArMEx-ADRIMED 2013 campaign

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