Aflatoxins in randomly selected groundnuts (Arachis hypogaea) and its products from some local markets across Ghana: Human risk assessment and monitoring

Kortei, Nii Korley; Annan, Theophilus; Akonor, P. T.; Richard, Seidu A.; Annan, Helen Ama; Kwagyan, Michael Wiafe; Ayim-Akonor, Matilda; Akpaloo, Princess Golda

doi:10.1016/j.toxrep.2021.01.002

Cited by 26 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 42 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Aflatoxins were eluted in two steps into a 5 ml volumetric flask with 0.5 ml followed by 0.75 ml of methanol (HPLC grade) and allowed to elute by gravity. Deionized water was used to make up volume of eluates to 5 ml and eluate vortexed and 2 ml pipetted into HPLC vials for quantification 35 .…”

Section: Extraction Of Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Injection volume: 10 μl flow rate: 1 mL/min, column temperature: 35℃, excitation wavelength: 360 nm, emission wavelength: 440 nm, mobile phase composition: water/acetonitrile/MeOH (Table 2) 35 .…”

Section: Hplc Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Spiking of pure aflatoxin standard solution was done according to method described by Kortei et al 35 to ensure measurement accuracy of analysis. Three levels spiking were done at the lower, mid and upper concentration range of the calibration curve concentrations (5 ppb Recovery: Percent recovery of measurement procedure should be in a range of 80-120%.…”

Section: Measurement Accuracymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The maize sellers in each market were conveniently sampled where about one kilogram (1kg) of raw maize samples were purchased concurrently within the period of February to September 2018 and grouped into 2 categories (white and colored maize) (Tables 3-7). Twenty (20) grams each of maize samples were fetched and kept in sterile bags in ice chests and sent to the laboratory within the same day in a vehicle where they were stored in a deep freezer at −20 °C until ready for chemical analysis 35 .…”

Section: Sample Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Supplier of Column R-Biopharm, Block 10 campus, West Scotland Science Park, Acre Road, Glasgow, Scotland G20 OXA 35 .…”

Section: Loq Calculation=3 X Lodmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

The Occurrence of Aflatoxins and Human Health Risk Estimations in Randomly Obtained Maize from Some Markets in Ghana

Kortei

Annan

Akonor

et al. 2021

Preprint

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Maize and its products are most often prone to fungal contamination especially during cultivation and storage by toxigenic fungi. Aflatoxicosis still persist in Ghana despite the numerous education on several ways of its prevention at the farm as well as its adverse health implications which are food safety concerns. A random assessment and human risk analysis was conducted on 90 maize (72 white and 18 colored) samples from markets across all the regions of Ghana. Total aflatoxins (AFtotal) and the constitutive aflatoxins (AFB1, AFB2, AFG1, and AFG2) were analyzed by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Out of a total of ninety (90) samples investigated, 72 (80%) tested positive for AFB1 and the contamination levels ranged from 0.78 ± 0.04–339.3 ± 8.6µg/kg. Similarly, AFG2 was detected in only 14 (15.5%) samples, and their values ranged between 1.09 ± 0.03–5.51 ± 0.26 µg/kg while AF total ranged between 0.78 ± 0.04- 445.01 ± 8.9 µg/kg constituting approximately 72 (80%). Limits of AFB1 and total aflatoxins (AFtotal) for the Ghana Standards Authority (GSA) (5 and 10 µg/kg) and the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) (2 and 4 µg/kg), were used as checks. A total of 33 (41.25%) samples were above the limits for both. Risk assessments recorded for Estimated Daily Intake (EDI), Hazard Quotient (H.Q), Hazard Index (H.I), Margin of Exposure (MOE), av. Potency, and population risks ranged 0.087–0.38 µg/Kg.bw/day, 1.5–6.9, 0.0087-0.38, 3.64–12.09, 0-0.0396 ng Aflatoxins kg− 1bwday− 1 and, 3.5x10− 1 – 0.015 respectively for total aflatoxins. While ranges for aflatoxins B1 (AFB1) recorded were 0.068-0.3 µg/Kg.bw/day, 2.43–10.64, 0.0068-0.030, 4.73–20.51, 0-0.0396 ng Aflatoxins kg− 1bwday− 1 and, 2.69 x10− 3-0.012 for Estimated Daily Intake (EDI), Hazard Quotient (H.Q), Hazard Index (H.I), Margin of Exposure (MOE), Av. potency, and population risks respectively. It was deduced that although there was some observed contamination of maize across the different ecological zones, the consumption of maize (white and colored) posed no adverse health effects on the population of Ghana since computed H.I was less than 1 (< 1).

show abstract

Section: Extraction Of Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Hplc Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Measurement Accuracymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sample Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Supplier of Column R-Biopharm, Block 10 campus, West Scotland Science Park, Acre Road, Glasgow, Scotland G20 OXA 35 .…”

Section: Loq Calculation=3 X Lodmentioning

confidence: 99%