Agar Gel Precipitin Line Patterns and Pathogenicity of Infectious Bursal Disease Viruses.

Takase, Kozo; Uchimura, Tetsuya; Katsuki, Nobuhiko; Yamamoto, Masafumi

doi:10.1292/jvms.55.137

Cited by 7 publications

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“…1 and 3, virus recovery was tried from 10% homogenates using CKC employing round-type cytopathogenic effect for indication of FAV. For statistical analysis of BF/ BW ratios and mean lesion scores, Student's t-test was applied and significance was assumed at the 0.05 level of probability.For serology, an agar-gel-precipitation (AGP) test was done to IBDV and FAV infection using FAV-antigen prepared from chorioallantoic membrane [13] and IBDV-antigen from BFs [12]. A neutralization test for FAV was also carried out using CKC by the serum-dilution method in 24-well-plates, as usual.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…For serology, an agar-gel-precipitation (AGP) test was done to IBDV and FAV infection using FAV-antigen prepared from chorioallantoic membrane [13] and IBDV-antigen from BFs [12]. A neutralization test for FAV was also carried out using CKC by the serum-dilution method in 24-well-plates, as usual.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…IBDVs, strains G691 and Ku-52, both were classical type of virulent virus [12], were of homogenate of bursa of Fabricius (BF) of SPF chickens infected with each virus. SPF chickens derived from the Chemo-Sero-Therapeutic Research Institute (Kumamoto) were used and reared in isolated rooms.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…SPF chickens derived from the Chemo-Sero-Therapeutic Research Institute (Kumamoto) were used and reared in isolated rooms. Three experiments were conducted as shown in For serology, an agar-gel-precipitation (AGP) test was done to IBDV and FAV infection using FAV-antigen prepared from chorioallantoic membrane [13] and IBDV-antigen from BFs [12]. A neutralization test for FAV was also carried out using CKC by the serum-dilution method in 24-well-plates, as usual.…”

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Pathogenicity of Fowl Adenovirus Isolated from Gizzard Erosions to Immuno-Suppressed Chickens

Muroga

Taharaguchi

Ohta

et al. 2006

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. Pathogenicity of a fowl adenovirus (FAV), JM1/1 strain of serotype 1 derived from gizzard erosions of a broiler chicken, was examined to specific pathogen-free (SPF) chickens pre-treated with infectious bursal disease viruses (IBDVs) or cyclophosphamide (CY). Virulent IBDVs, classical type, were inoculated orally at 3 days of age of SPF chickens. CY was treated subcutaniously for 3 days after hatch. FAV was given orally at 30 days of age. At 40 days of age, all chickens were bled and autopsied for serology and gross observation. Gizzard lesions were ranked by the scores depending on their severities. IBDV-or CY-treated chickens showed significantly higher gizzard lesion scores than non treated birds. There were no gross lesions in any other organs except for bursal atrophy. Serologically, antibody production against FAV was highly suppressed by IBDV infection or CY treatment. KEY WORDS: fowl adenovirus, gizzard erosion, immuno-suppression.J. Vet. Med. Sci. 68(3): 289-291, 2006 Recently, epizootic outbreaks of gizzard erosion in broiler flocks caused by fowl adenovirus infection have been reported in Japan [1,9,15]. Most of the FAV isolates from the gizzard lesions were serotype 1, but a few were serotype 8 [8,15]. The gizzard lesions were reproduced in broiler and specific pathogen-free (SPF) chickens by oral infection with the isolated FAVs [6][7][8]15]. However, some of the experimentally infected birds failed to show the gizzard lesions [5,15]. On the other hand, FAV has been well known as an agent of inclusion body hepatitis, which was rather facilitated in immuno-deficient birds caused by infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) infection [2,5]. In this study, the pathogenicity of FAV strain isolated from gizzard erosion to immuno-deficient chickens was investigated using IBDV-infected or cyclophosphamide (CY)-treated chickens. IBDV infects and destroys B-cells inducing suppression of antibody production. CY, which has been used as one of immunosuppressive reagents or anticancer drugs, destroys both B-and T-cells, and also suppresses macrophage-function.FAV, strain JM1/1 isolated from a slaughtered broiler chicken affected with gizzard erosion and identified as serotype 1 [15], was prepared by chicken kidney cell culture (CKC) at the 6th passage level. IBDVs, strains G691 and Ku-52, both were classical type of virulent virus [12], were of homogenate of bursa of Fabricius (BF) of SPF chickens infected with each virus. SPF chickens derived from the Chemo-Sero-Therapeutic Research Institute (Kumamoto) were used and reared in isolated rooms. Three experiments were conducted as shown in TCID 50 /bird. In each experiment, non-treated group was contained. On the last day of each experiment, 40 days of age, all chickens were bled, weighed and sacrificed by anesthesia with chloroform for dissection and main organs were observed grossly. Bursa of Fabricius (BF) was removed and weighed to calculate the ratio to body weight [(weight of BF / body weight) × 100]. Gross gizzard lesions were ranked by the scores...

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Pathogenicity of Fowl Adenovirus Isolated from Gizzard Erosions to Immuno-Suppressed Chickens

Muroga

Taharaguchi

Ohta

et al. 2006

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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“…The VN cross-reactivity test was performed by α neutralization procedure (constant-serum diluted-virus method) using 11-day-old SPF embryonated eggs with the isolated IBDV TY2 strain, IBDV K strain, very virulent IBDV F539 strain [ 23 , 24 ] and antisera prepared from convalescent SPF chickens infected with either the IBDV TY2 or IBDV K strain. Serial ten-fold dilutions (10 −1 –10 −6 ) of each IBDV were prepared, and each dilution was mixed with the same volume of either antiserum (diluted 5 times) and maintained at 37°C for one hr.…”

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Characterization of variant infectious bursal disease virus from a broiler farm in Japan using immunized sentinel chickens

Yamazaki

Ohta

Kawai

et al. 2017

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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We attempted the isolation of variant infectious bursal disease (IBD) viruses by using sentinel chickens immunized with inactivated classical-type IBD vaccine. Immunized sentinel chickens with high levels of neutralizing antibodies and non-immunized sentinel chickens were raised together with broiler chickens in a commercial farm. Severe atrophy of the bursa of Fabricius was observed from the second week after cohabitation in non-immunized sentinel chickens. However, in immunized sentinel chickens and broiler chickens, atrophy was observed from the third week after cohabitation. The IBD virus (IBDV) isolated from the bursa of Fabricius of immunized sentinel chickens, designated as strain IBDV TY2, showed severe atrophy of the bursa in infected SPF chickens. Antiserum to the IBDV TY2 strain showed higher neutralizing activity to heterologous IBDV strains than did antiserum to the K strain vaccine virus. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the nucleotide sequences encoding the hypervariable region of virus protein 2 of the IBDV TY2 strain did not cluster with the classical, variant or very virulent IBDV groups. Based on these results, we suggest that the IBDV TY2 strain may constitute a novel variant type of IBDV.

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Turkey herpesvirus with an insertion in the UL3-4 region displays an appropriate balance between growth activity and antibody-eliciting capacity and is suitable for the establishment of a recombinant vaccine

et al. 2016

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We constructed turkey herpesvirus (HVT) vector vaccines in which the VP2 gene of infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) was inserted into the HVT genome in the following regions: UL3-4, UL22-23, UL45-46, and US10-SORF3. We then evaluated the relationship between the gene insertion site and the capacity of the virus to elicit antibodies. rHVT/IBD (US10) showed good growth activity in vitro, with growth comparable to that of the parent HVT. On the other hand, rHVT/IBD (UL3-4), rHVT/IBD (UL22-23), and rHVT/IBD (UL45-46) exhibited decreased growth activity in chicken embryo fibroblast (CEF) cells compared to the parent HVT. However, the rHVT/IBD (US10) elicited lower levels of virus-neutralizing (VN) antibodies compared to the other constructs. rHVT/IBD (UL3-4) and rHVT/IBD (UL45-46) appeared to be similar in their ability to elicit VN antibodies. Based on the results of in vitro and in vivo assays, rHVT/IBD (UL3-4) was selected for further testing. In a challenge assay, rHVT/IBD (UL3-4) protected chickens from challenge with virulent Marek's disease virus serotype 1 and IBDV. In conclusion, the site of gene insertion may have a strong effect on the growth of the vector virus in vitro and its antibody-eliciting capacity. Insertions in the UL3-4 region permitted a balance between growth activity and VN-antibody-eliciting capacity, and this region might therefore be an appropriate insertion site for IBDV VP2.

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Agar Gel Precipitin Line Patterns and Pathogenicity of Infectious Bursal Disease Viruses.

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Pathogenicity of Fowl Adenovirus Isolated from Gizzard Erosions to Immuno-Suppressed Chickens

Pathogenicity of Fowl Adenovirus Isolated from Gizzard Erosions to Immuno-Suppressed Chickens

Characterization of variant infectious bursal disease virus from a broiler farm in Japan using immunized sentinel chickens

Turkey herpesvirus with an insertion in the UL3-4 region displays an appropriate balance between growth activity and antibody-eliciting capacity and is suitable for the establishment of a recombinant vaccine

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