Age and sex differences in serum adiponectin and its association with lipoprotein fractions

Abstract

Objective The correlation of adiponectin with cholesterol concentration of fractionated lipoproteins has not been well investigated. Methods This study included 174 subjects (79 men and 95 women) without diabetes. The medical record data were investigated retrospectively. The study subjects with adiponectin <8.3, > 8.3 but less 13.9, and ≥ 13.9 were classified into tertile groups: Groups A ( n = 59), B ( n = 58) and C ( n = 57), respectively. Results In women, age and HDL-C were higher in Group C than in Groups A and B, but BMI, TG, IDL-C and VLDL-C were lower in Group C than in Groups A and B. In men, BMI was lower in Group C than in Groups A and B, and HDL-C was higher in Group C than in Groups A and B. In multiple stepwise regression analysis, BMI and HDL-C were significantly correlated with adiponectin in whole, male and female subjects, but TG-rich lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations were not independently correlated. Conclusions HDL-C and BMI were independently correlated with adiponectin in non-diabetic men and women. These results suggest that high adiponectin may play a role in the increased HDL-C concentrations, implicated in the reduction of cardiovascular disease risk, in non-diabetic subjects.

Beneficial Effects of Adiponectin on Glucose and Lipid Metabolism and Atherosclerotic Progression: Mechanisms and Perspectives

“…Especially, HDL-C has been shown to be positively correlated with HMW adiponectin, which is considered the most biologically active form of adiponectin [60,64,65], independently of adiposity and of insulin sensitivity [61,63,64,65,67,68,69]. We also found that adiponectin was independently and positively correlated with HDL-C in 174 subjects without diabetes [70].…”

Adipocytokines: Are they the Theory of Everything?

“…RBP4 (Retinol binding protein 4) serum level positively correlates with insulin resistance as well [18]. Similarly, leptin was found to affect glucose metabolism through the modulation of glucagon secreted by α-cells of the pancreas [19] while visfatin concentration was related positively to the presence of diabetes [20] as it increased TNF followed by a TNF-mediated insulin resistance in adipocytes [21] • Lipid Disorders Adiponectin was positively and independently associated with higher HDL-C (High-density lipoprotein cholesterol) levels; which confirmed its protective role [22]. Marsche et al found that hypoadiponectinemia was associated with reduced cholesterol efflux capacity in macrophages in adults, leading to less HDL formation [23].…”

“…Adiponectin role is the attenuation of the excessive inflammatory response in the wall of the blood vessels of the placenta through inhibition of NF-κB (nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells) signaling (it is a protein complex that controls transcription of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and cytokine production), decreasing CRP (C-reactive protein) and increasing nitric oxide [42] via activating endothelial nitric oxide synthase and inhibition of superoxide in endothelial cells [43]. Besides, adiponectin mediated the process of trophoblast invasion by modulation of MMP/TIMP (matrix metalloproteinase to tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase) balance (this is a ratio between active extracellular [11][12][13], hyperlipidemia [22], diabetic kidney disease [30], polycystic ovary [32], ovarian cancer, gestational diabetes [39], systemic sclerosis [74], breast cancer [98], lung cancer [99], colon cancer [100], thyroid cancer [106], prostate cancer [108,109], glioblastoma [113], AIS [129], Duchene Muscular Dystrophy [132], pulmonary hypertension [149], obstructive sleep apnea [151], atherosclerosis [11], hypertension [158], preeclampsia [41][42][43][44], COVID-19 [164] Cervical & endometrial cancer [37,38], joint inflammation [64], bone erosion in rheumatoid arthritis [65], SLE with renal involvement [87] Adipsin Systemic sclerosis with PAH [83], SLE with renal involvement [ Insulin resistance &diabetes [11,…”

Key Clinical Factors Predicting Adipokine and Oxidative Stress Marker Concentrations among Normal, Overweight and Obese Pregnant Women Using Artificial Neural Networks

“…Maternal adiponectin has been inversely related with BMI [ 45 ], GA and positively associated with maternal age [ 46 , 47 ]. The ANN adiponectin model derived from this study was able to predict these associations too.…”