Age Is Differentially Associated with Rhinovirus A and C Species Infections in Children

Choi, Tae-Jin; Lee, K.; Grindle, Kristine A.; Laing, Ingrid A.; Souëf, Peter N. Le; Holt, P. G.; Sly, Peter D.; Hasegawa, Keiko; Camargo, Carlos A.; Jartti, Tuomas; Hartert, Tina V.; Jackson, Dan; Lemanske, Robert F.; Ward, Emily; DeMuri, Gregory P.; Seroogy, Christine M.; Bacharier, Leonard B.; Wood, Robert A.; O’Connor, George T.; Kattan, Meyer; Ober, Carole; Gern, James E.; Bochkov, Yury A.

doi:10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2020.201.1_meetingabstracts.a6331

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“…Virulence of RV-C types could also be enhanced by a muted T helper-1 response to RV-C versus RV-A, which could impair antiviral responses (55). Because symptom severity and peak viral titer during acute infections are positively related to the induction of RV-specific nAb responses (26,56), the increased virulence of RV-C could contribute to the greater prevalence and perhaps duration of nAb responses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Enhanced Neutralizing Antibody Responses to Rhinovirus C and Age-Dependent Patterns of Infection

Choi

Devries

Bacharier

et al. 2021

Am J Respir Crit Care Med

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Rationale: Rhinovirus (RV) C can cause asymptomatic infection and respiratory illnesses ranging from the common cold to severe wheezing.Objectives: To identify how age and other individual-level factors are associated with susceptibility to RV-C illnesses.Methods: Longitudinal data from the COAST (Childhood Origins of Asthma) birth cohort study were analyzed to determine relationships between age and RV-C infections. Neutralizing antibodies specific for RV-A and RV-C (three types each) were determined using a novel PCR-based assay. Data were pooled from 14 study cohorts in the United States, Finland, and Australia, and mixed-effects logistic regression was used to identify factors related to the proportion of RV-C versus RV-A detection.Measurements and Main Results: In COAST, RV-A and RV-C infections were similarly common in infancy, whereas RV-C was detected much less often than RV-A during both respiratory illnesses and scheduled surveillance visits (P , 0.001, x 2 ) in older children. The prevalence of neutralizing antibodies to RV-A or RV-C types was low (5-27%) at the age of 2 years, but by the age of 16 years, RV-C seropositivity was more prevalent (78% vs. 18% for RV-A; P , 0.0001). In the pooled analysis, the RV-C to RV-A detection ratio during illnesses was significantly related to age (P , 0.0001), CDHR3 genotype (P , 0.05), and wheezing illnesses (P , 0.05). Furthermore, certain RV types (e.g., C2, C11, A78, and A12) were consistently more virulent and prevalent over time.Conclusions: Knowledge of prevalent RV types, antibody responses, and populations at risk based on age and genetics may guide the development of vaccines or other novel therapies against this important respiratory pathogen.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, we conducted a multicenter study by pooling data from 14 different studies across numerous cities located in the United States, Finland, and Australia. Some of the results of these studies have been previously reported in the form of an abstract (26).…”

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confidence: 96%