Age-Related Changes in Specific Harmonic Indices of Pressure Pulse Waveform

Wang, Sheng-Hung; Hsu, Tse-Lin; Jan, Ming-Yie; Wang, Yuh‐Ying Lin; Wang, Wei‐Kung

doi:10.1007/978-3-540-92841-6_44

Cited by 10 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Our result showed that C1 of the radial pulse wave could be a favorable predictive indicator for CAD diagnosis. The gradual increasing of C1 by aging was investigated by the harmonic based pulse waveform analysis method [29]. Other studies also reported the factor of atherosclerosis [30, 31], or increasing afterload [29] will increase the first harmonic impedance which is related to the increasing burden of heart muscle.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The gradual increasing of C1 by aging was investigated by the harmonic based pulse waveform analysis method [29]. Other studies also reported the factor of atherosclerosis [30, 31], or increasing afterload [29] will increase the first harmonic impedance which is related to the increasing burden of heart muscle. Chang et al reported that screening for the C1 may improve the risk stratification of cardiac events and silent coronary artery disease in asymptomatic patients [32].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Applying Pulse Spectrum Analysis to Facilitate the Diagnosis of Coronary Artery Disease

Huang

Chang

Cheng

et al. 2019

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Not all patients with angina pectoris have coronary artery stenosis. To facilitate the diagnosis of coronary artery disease (CAD), we sought to identify predictive factors of pulse spectrum analysis, which was developed by Wang and is one technique of modern pulse diagnosis. The patients suffered from chest pain and received cardiac catheterization to confirm the CAD diagnosis and Gensini score were recruited. Their pulse waves of radial artery were recorded. Then, by performing a fast Fourier transform, 10 amplitude values of frequency spectrum harmonics were obtained. Each harmonic amplitude was divided by the sum of all harmonic amplitude values, obtaining the relative percentages of 10 harmonics (C1-C10). Subsequently, multivariate logistic regression was conducted with two models and the areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC) of these 2 models were compared to see if combining the pulse diagnosis parameters with the risk factor of CAD can increase the prediction rate of CAD diagnosis. The predictive factors of CAD severity were analyzed by multivariate linear regression. A total of 83 participants were included; 63 were diagnosed CAD and 20 without CAD. In the CAD group, C1 was greater and C5 was lower than those of the non-CAD group. The CAD risk factors were put alone in Model 1 to perform the multivariate logistic regression analysis which had a prediction rate of 77.1%; while putting the C1 and C5 harmonics together with the risk factors into Model 2, the prediction rate increased to 80.7%. Finally, the area under ROC of Model 1 and Model 2 was 0.788 and 0.856, respectively. Furthermore, left C1, left C5, gender, and presence of hyperlipidemia were predictors of CAD severity. Therefore, pulse spectrum analysis may be a tool to facilitate CAD diagnosis before receiving cardiac catheterization. The harmonics C1 and C5 were favorable predictive indicators.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applying Pulse Spectrum Analysis to Facilitate the Diagnosis of Coronary Artery Disease

Huang

Chang

Cheng

et al. 2019

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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“…Wang's research shows that the first harmonic of the radial pulse wave increases with age and the augmentation index and suggests that atherosclerosis may play an important role in this age-related change of harmonics [ 21 ]. An animal study supports this concept and demonstrates that aortic stiffness in aged mice results in a significant increase in first harmonic impedance [ 19 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Initially, the harmonic analysis was applied to the transfer function between the aortic pulse wave and the radial pulse wave [ 18 ]. In recent decades, many studies have used harmonic analysis to assess vascular sclerosis [ 19 ], aortic occlusion [ 20 ], aging effects [ 21 ], vasodilator drugs [ 22 ], and heart diseases [ 23 , 24 ]. Chen et al first found that the specific characteristic of radial pulse spectrum changed from the resting state to the onset of acute, uncomplicated myocardial infarction state, and gradually shifted to other resting characteristics a week after the surgery [ 25 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, the important relationship between the first harmonic of the radial pulse wave and cardiac risk has been studied recently. Wang et al demonstrated that the first harmonics of the radial pulse increased with age [ 21 ]. The cross-sectional cohort study showed that the first, second, and third harmonics of the radial pulse correlated with the ischemic heart symptoms [ 28 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The First Harmonic of Radial Pulse as an Early Predictor of Silent Coronary Artery Disease and Adverse Cardiac Events in Type 2 Diabetic Patients

Chang

Liao

Chang

et al. 2018

Cardiology Research and Practice

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Background It has been reported that harmonics of radial pulse is related to coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). It is still unclear whether or not the first harmonics of the radial pulse spectrum is an early independent predictor of silent coronary artery disease (SCAD) and adverse cardiac events (ACE). Objectives To measure the risk of SCAD in patients with T2DM and also to survey whether or not an increment of the first harmonic (C1) of the radial pulse increases ACE. Methods 1968 asymptomatic individuals with T2DM underwent radial pulse wave measurement. First harmonic of the radial pressure wave, C1, was calculated. Next, the new occurrence of ACE and the new symptoms and signs of coronary artery disease were recorded. The follow-up period lasted for 14.7 ± 3.5 months. Results Out of 1968 asymptomatic individuals with T2DM, ACE was detected in 239 (12%) of them during the follow-up period. The logrank test demonstrated that the cumulative incidence of ACE in patients with C1 above 0.96 was greater than that in those patients with C1 below 0.89 (P < 0.01). By comparing the data of patients with C1 smaller than the first quartile and the patients with C1 greater than the third quartile, the hazard ratios were listed as follows: ACE (hazard ratio, 2.29; 95% CI, 1.55–3.37), heart failure (hazard ratio, 2.22; 95% CI, 1.21–4.09), myocardial infarction (hazard ratio, 2.44; 95% CI, 1.51–3.93), left ventricular dysfunction (Hazard ratio, 2.01; 95% CI, 0.86–4.70), and new symptoms and signs for coronary artery disease (hazard ratio, 2.03; 95% CI, 1.45–2.84). As C1 increased, the risk for composite ACE (P < 0.001 for trend) and for coronary disease (P < 0.001 for trend) also increased. The hazard ratio and trend for cardiovascular-cause mortality were not significant. Conclusions This study showed that C1 of the radial pulse wave is correlated with cardiovascular events. Survival analysis showed that C1 value is an independent predictor of ACE and SCAD in asymptomatic patients with T2DM. Thus, screening for the first harmonic of the radial pulse may improve the risk stratification of cardiac events and SCAD in asymptomatic patients although they had no history of coronary artery disease or angina-related symptom.

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Peripheral pulse harmonic analysis and its clinical application: A systematic review

Hsiao,

Kang,

et al. 2024

Journal of Traditional and Complementary Medicine

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Age-Related Changes in Specific Harmonic Indices of Pressure Pulse Waveform

Cited by 10 publications

References 10 publications

Applying Pulse Spectrum Analysis to Facilitate the Diagnosis of Coronary Artery Disease

Applying Pulse Spectrum Analysis to Facilitate the Diagnosis of Coronary Artery Disease

The First Harmonic of Radial Pulse as an Early Predictor of Silent Coronary Artery Disease and Adverse Cardiac Events in Type 2 Diabetic Patients

Peripheral pulse harmonic analysis and its clinical application: A systematic review

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