Aggregation Pheromones and Host Kairomones of West Indian Sugarcane Weevil, Metamasius hemipterus sericeus

Abstract

Abstract-Coupled gas chromatographic-electroantennographic detection (GC-EAD) analyses and coupled GC-mass spectrometry (MS) of volatiles produced by male and female West Indian sugarcane weevils (W1SW), Metamasius hemipterus sericeus (Oliv.), revealed eight male specific, EAD-aclive compounds: 3-pentanol (1), 2-methyl-4-heptanol (2), 2-methyl-4-octanol (3), *To whom correspondence should be addressed. 'Current address: Department of Chemistry, University of Costa Rica, 2060 San Pedro, San Jose, Costa Rica. 4-methyl-5-nonanol (4), and the corresponding ketones. In field experiments in Florida, alcohols 1-4 in combination with sugarcane were most attractive, whereas addition of the ketones or replacement of alcohols with ketones significantly reduced attraction. In Costa Rica field experiments testing alcohols 1-4 singly and in all binary, ternary, and quaternary combinations revealed 4 in combination with 2 was the major aggregation pheromone, equally attracting male and female WISW. Stereoisomeric 4 and (45,5S)-4, the only isomer produced by WISW, were equally attractive. Addition of 4S-, 4R-or (±)-2 to (4S,5S)-4 significantly enhanced attraction. Sugarcane stalks in combination with 2 plus 4 (ratio of 1:8) were highly synergistic, whereas EAD-active sugarcane volatiles ethyl acetate, ethyl propionate, or ethyl butyrate only moderately increased attractiveness of the pheromone lure.

Feromônios de agregação em curculionidae (insecta: coleoptera) e sua implicação taxonômica

“…Por outro lado, a adição dos compostos 19 e 20 não aumentou a atração dos insetos. 37 Perez e colaboradores 38 verificaram a presença de um feromônio de agregação produzido pelos machos da subespécie M. hemipterus sericeus. Eles encontraram todos os compostos já descritos por Ramirez-Lucas e colaboradores, 35 exceto os compostos 19 e 20.…”

“…Uma alternativa que evita muitos problemas com bioensaios e acelera o processo de identificação é a cromatografia gasosa acoplada à eletroantenografia (CG-EAG). 7 Com a CG-EAG tem sido possível identificar exatamente quais compostos têm atividade sensorial nos insetos. Esta informação, combinada com comparações dos cromatogramas de voláteis coletados de machos e fêmeas, permite a identificação dos compostos específicos de cada sexo.…”

Effectiveness of Odor-Baited Trap Trees for Plum Curculio (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) Monitoring in Commercial Apple Orchards in the Northeast

“…This compound has been identified as part of the pheromone blend of Metamasius hemipterus (L.) (Ramirez-Lucas et al 1996;Perez et al 1997), the Australian population of R. obscurus (Giblin-Davis et al 2000), and S. acupunctatus (Ruiz-Montiel et al 2008). In contrast, this alcohol alone functions as an aggregation pheromone for the Hawaiian population of R. obscurus (Giblin-Davis et al 2000) and for S. levis (Zarbin et al 2003).…”

“…The identity of the compound was confirmed by comparing retention times and mass spectra of synthetic standards. The synthetic 2-methyl-4-octanol was prepared according to procedures reported elsewhere (Perez et al 1997). This compound was identified as a component of the aggregation pheromone of Metamasius hemipterus sericeus (Oliver) (Perez et al 1997).…”

“…The synthetic 2-methyl-4-octanol was prepared according to procedures reported elsewhere (Perez et al 1997). This compound was identified as a component of the aggregation pheromone of Metamasius hemipterus sericeus (Oliver) (Perez et al 1997). Purity of the compound was 95% based on capillary GC analysis using a flame ionization detector.…”