“…Taken together, these various issues raise questions as to the validity of the notion that positive selection alone has maintained these new variants in ,South America. Genetic drift acting on small reproductively isolated populations may have played an important role in shaping the evolution of HLA in Amerindians (86,87). These anomalies argue for a new overarching hypothesis to explain why these newly discovered Blocus variants are present in South Amerindians.…”