Agricultural Development And The Role Of Women's Self- Employment In Pakistan

Abstract

Pakistan aimed to achieve the target of 5.5% of GDP growth for the fiscal year 2015-16, of which 3.9% is expected to catch from the agricultural sector. In the economy, about 42.3% of the total employment is attributed by the agricultural sector, of which about 72.7% is contributed by the 48.96% of the total population, the WOMEN. Female as first-line labor force never receive the consideration of their actual contribution in the development on national basis. Like other developing economies of the world, Pakistan must to focus to expose and utilize the potential of the women labor force in agriculture. The discussion on the agricultural development of Pakistan with reference to women's self-employment is done in this study. Along review of literature and empirical studies, to facilitate the discussion and conclusion, annual time series data from the period of 1985 to 2015 under the regression analysis is taken. The variables taken, to discuss the strength and nature of association with the agricultural development of Pakistan by selfemployment of women, are gross domestic product of agriculture, literacy rate of women, women employed in agriculture and domestic credit disbursement to agriculture sector. The study expects the significant result withal positive association of variables to the development of the economy.

Role Of Rural Women In Development And Export Earnings Of Pakistan's Dairy Industry

“…This plays an important role while being classified as unskilled, semi skilled and skilled. Zaheer & Hussain (2018), while discussing the role of technical education in economic growth of Pakistan, stated that degree of skilfulness of labor is crucially important attribute of population of a country. In fact degree of skilfulness of a population is counted as human capital now a days.…”

“…This competitiveness can be improved by making an easier access to education to manpower in dairy industry. Zaheer & Hussain (2018) while addressing factors affecting the production of dairy sector indicated the level of education as significantly positive influencing. The more the primary enrollment of population in rural areas the greater the improvement of production in dairy sector is observed by authors.…”

“…This helps to promote the sense among rural women of being involved in commercial activities and also enable them to support them in uplifting the income level of family. By having rural women in the fold of commercial activities on one end helps to eradicate poverty in country (Zaheer & Hussain 2018) and on the other end promote the incentive industry of livestock. Likewise in Baluchistan these includes development of leather and wool industries.…”

An Analysis of Socio-Economic Vulnerability of Women Waged Labourers in Agriculture Sector in Punjab, Pakistan

“…The contribution of agricultural labourers to support their respective families is remarkable (Akram et al, 2019). It is however pertinent to mention that the role of rural women as a first-line labour force in the agriculture sector is not fully acknowledged in the national account (Ishaq & Memon, 2016;Zaheer et al, 2018). Women agriculture labourers face severe socio-economic issues that make them vulnerable workers (Mirjat et al, 2019).…”

Assessment of women’s economic empowerment in the rice cultivation sector of the upper Punjab region, Pakistan

“…Rice forms around 9.0% of the country's export earnings, worth approximately $2 billion US annually. Rice is a big source of income, but 70.0% of the households do not earn enough to meet their basic needs (Taj et al, 2018;Zaheer et al, 2018). The current research tries to explore the living income gaps in the rice cultivation sector and gender discrimination.…”