Agro-Food Supply Chain Traceability using Blockchain and IPFS

Abstract

Many blockchain initiatives significantly use the InterPlanetary File System (IPFS) to store user data off-chain. The centralized administration, ambiguous data, unreliable data, and ease of creating information islands are all issues with traditional traceability systems. This study develops a monitoring system using blockchain technology to record and inquire about product information in the supply network of Non-Perishable (NP) agro goods to address the above issues. The transparency and trustworthiness of traceability data were considerably improved by employing blockchain technology's distributed, tamper-proof, and traceable properties. To alleviate the strain on the blockchain and enable efficient information inquiry, a storage structure is built in which both public and private data are stored in the blockchain and the Inter Planetary File System (IPFS) using cryptography. Because of its ability to trace the origin of food, blockchain technology contributes to the development of reliable food supply chains and the establishment of rapport between farmers and their customers. Since it provides a secure location for data to be kept, it can pave the way for implementing data-driven farming techniques. In addition to improving data security, recording farm data in IPFS and storing encrypted file IPFS hashes in smart contracts solves the issue of blockchain storage explosion. And when used in tandem with smart contracts, it enables instantaneous outflows between parties in response to changes in data stored in the blockchain. The paper also offers simulations of the implementation and analysis of the performance. The findings validate that our system improves security for sensitive information, safeguards supply chain data, and meets the needs of real-world applications. Furthermore, it boosts throughput efficiency while reducing latency.

Blockchain-Based Frameworks for Food Traceability: A Systematic Review

“…Blockchain technology, as used in a monitoring system developed by Babu and Devarajan [ 26 ], enhances traceability data’s transparency and reliability. The authors store encrypted data both in blockchain and IPFS ( Figure 7 ) to streamline information retrieval and reduce blockchain load.…”

“… A hybrid system of Blockchain and IPFS system for information in agricultural food supply network [ 26 ]. Open-access license: (accessed on 15 May 2023).…”

“…Although Gartner [ 22 ] forecasted the Top 10 Strategic Technology Trends for 2023, consisting of many upcoming Industry 4.0 and Web 3.0 technologies, most recent blockchain-based food traceability and supply-chain frameworks only incorporated a few technologies interoperable with blockchain [ 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 ]. However, a review of this body of literature shows the implementation of many of these emerging technologies, such as artificial intelligence, data analytics, edge computing, Digital Twins NTFs and metaverse, are either scant or absent in the current blockchain-based food-supply-chain frameworks.…”

Blockchain-based Cannabis Traceability in Supply Chain Management

“…Two popular methods are Ethereum and Hyperledger Fabric. Shahid et al [22] and Babu et al [32] suggested an Ethereum-based solution for the blockchain-based agri-food supply chain that uploads all blockchain-based transactions to IFS (IPFS). An efficient, safe, and reliable storage system creates a hash of the data stored on the blockchain.…”

SSCDS: a secure supply chain data sharing scheme based on blockchain and IPFS

“…The blockchain stores the digital identities of the supply chain entities and critical digest information of the local data, such as data description and data source. Due to the capacity and performance limitations of the blockchain, IPFS is utilized to store additional information of the supply chain entities' local data, such as data attributes and data extensions [12]. The SSCDS is a decentralized solution where supply chain entities can exchange data in a trusted environment.…”