Agro-morphological characterization of anther derived plants in sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L. cv. Boogie)

Abstract

This study was conducted in sweet pepper 'Boogie' to produce the haploids and diploids via anther culture, and to characterize their plant and fruit characters. Anthers were cultured on Dumas de Vaulx medium, (C-medium) supplemented with 0.1 mg L -1 kinetin and 0.1 mg L -1 2, 4-D, and 3% sucrose and 0.32% phytagel. Cultures were first incubated in dark at 35 for one week and then transferred at 25 under 16 h photoperiod for 40 days. Regenerated plantlets including haploids and diploids were evaluated for their plant and fruit characters at Hwacheon in spring, 2007. Results revealed that 39.6 % callus was formed in total anthers (6100) whereas only 1.78% plants were regenerated among them. Ploidy analysis showed that 78.1% regenerants were diploids. Haploid plants were characterized by short plant height, narrow leaf size, short internode length, small flower bud size, and small fruit with low volume than diploid plants. Average fruit volume measured in diploids was 62.7% higher than haploids. Variation in plant and fruit characters was observed within the diploid population and pepper breeder could utilize such variation in breeding program. Based on this characterization and compared to original cultivar, SP94, SP117, SP148, SP171 and SP174 are found superior diploid lines and recommended them to evaluate for variety improvement in sweet pepper.Additional key words: 2,4-D, callus, diploid, Dumas de Vaulx medium, haploid, kinetin Hort.

Evaluation and Agronomic Potential of Androgenic Pepper Genotypes Derived from Piran (Capsicum annuum L. cv. Piran)

“…Other researchers presented results of leaves dimensions of diploid androgenic plants smaller than the mother genotype which is opposite to our results [24,26].…”

“…Based on analysis of diploid populations in comparison to control variety Boogie, they selected some elite diploid lines for development of sweet pepper varieties. Similarly, it was suggested that existing variation within diploid population might be due to the anther culture and it is a naturally produced variation [26]. Variation in plant and fruit characters was observed in anther derived spontaneous diploid population of minipaprika.…”

“…Higher visual and taste quality, fruit firmness, dry matter content, total soluble content, titratable acidity, phenolic content, and antioxidant activity were exhibited in pepper dihaploid fruits [24]. In regards to fruit characteristics of androgenic lines, there is a report for selection of 5 superior dihaploid lines and observation of considerable variation in plant and fruit traits among other lines [26]. Other research group reported androgenic pepper lines of R2 progeny with improved yield characteristics and dry matter content in fruits [27].…”

“…The existing difference within the diploid lines might be due to the result of naturally produced variation. Besides, most of the agronomic variation could originate from the changes that occur in the DNA of the vegetative pollen grain cell [31]. Phenotypic homogeneity of an androgenic population can point to the high level of its homozygosity.…”

Assessment of Androgenic Genotypes Obtained from Sweet Pepper Varieties (Capsicum annuum L.)

“…During the past years, in vitro pepper androgenesis research is extended although its successful application depends on different external factors as pepper genotype, stage of microspores development and growth conditions of mother plants [4][5][6]. Still, there are reports on androgenic pepper lines with improved morphological and quality traits [7][8]. The breeding importance of androgenic lines can be determined on the basis of analysis of plant and fruit traits in successive generations.…”