“…N application (averaged across irrigation regimens) increased by an average of 33.2-59.6 mm in water use for Descurainia sophia plants to reach maturity compared with the no N fertiliser treatment (Mokhtassi-Bidgoli et al, 2013). Hunsaker et al (2000) demonstrated that the ET under low-N treatments was 25% and 22% lower than that under high-N treatments in two wheat growth seasons, respectively.…”
“…N application (averaged across irrigation regimens) increased by an average of 33.2-59.6 mm in water use for Descurainia sophia plants to reach maturity compared with the no N fertiliser treatment (Mokhtassi-Bidgoli et al, 2013). Hunsaker et al (2000) demonstrated that the ET under low-N treatments was 25% and 22% lower than that under high-N treatments in two wheat growth seasons, respectively.…”
“…This was in concordance with Mokhtassi-Bidgoli et al . (2013) results 34 .Figure 1Monthly maximum and minimum air temperatures (°C), and precipitation (mm) recorded during the growing season in 2015–2016 and 2016–2017.…”
Plasma treatment is recognized as a suitable technology to improve germination efficiency of numerous seeds. The objective of this paper is to demonstrate whether cold air plasma can change the quality and quantity of wheat yield. Effects of cold plasma treatment on wheat (Pishgam variety) yield were studied by a randomized complete block design experiment at the Faculty of Agriculture of Tarbiat Modarres University, Iran, during 2015–17. Seeds were pre-treated with 80 W of cold plasma at four levels of time, 60, 120, 180 and 240 seconds. Plasma effects on yield and quality of wheat were determined by measuring plant photosynthesis, grain yield, biological yield, 1000-grain weight, total chlorophyll, carotenoid, anthocyanin, protein and starch content. Results showed that plasma treatments had positive effects on wheat characteristics, and treatment of 180 s had the highest stimulatory effect. In both years, cold plasma increased grain yield at 180 s, but decreased it at 240 s compared with control. The rate of plant photosynthesis, grain yield, 1000-grain weight, carotenoid and anthocyanin were enhanced at 180 s. The starch content and grain protein were enhanced at 120 s cold plasma application compared with control.
“…Many genera of this family are distributed in Iran including D. sophia. The economic value of D. sophia is mainly based on the attainability of seed production (Peng et al 1997;Mokhtassi-Bidgoli et al 2013). Seeds are well known for their medicinal uses in Iran (Pasalar et al 2013;Khodarahmi et al 2015).…”
Descurainia sophia is a valuable medicinal plant in family of Brassicaceae. To determine the range of diversity amongst D. sophia in Iran, 32 naturally distributed plants belonging to six natural populations of the Iranian plateau were investigated by inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers. The average percentage of polymorphism produced by 12 ISSR primers was 86 %. The PIC values for primers ranged from 0.22 to 0.40 and Rp values ranged between 6.5 and 19.9. The relative genetic diversity of the populations was not high (Gst =0.32). However, the value of gene flow revealed by the ISSR marker was high (Nm = 1.03). UPGMA clustering method based on Jaccard similarity coefficient grouped the genotypes into two major clusters. Graph results from Neighbor-Net Network generated after a 1000 bootstrap test using Jaccard coefficient, and STRUCTURE analysis confirmed the UPGMA clustering. The first three PCAs represented 57.31 % of the total variation. The high levels of genetic diversity were observed within populations, which is useful in breeding and conservation programs. ISSR is found to be an eligible marker to study genetic diversity of D. sophia.
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