Agronomic traits and seed yield produced in the soybean-corn crop in succession cropping

Abstract

Competition experiments were installed at the COODETEC unit in Palotina, Paraná State,, with the objective of evaluating the influence of the cultivation of soybean in succession to a second crop season on different sowing dates on the agronomic traits and seed yield in both cultures. The experiment consisted of four field replicates, arranged in a completely randomized block design and carried out in two agricultural years (2003/2004 and 2004/2005). The individual blocks were comprised of three early-maturing soybean cultivars (CD 202, CD 215 and CD 216) sowed on five different dates (9/15, 9/30, 10/15, 10/30 and 11/15) and also three corn hybrids (CD 305, CD 306 and CD 308) that were sowed on different dates (1/30, 2/15, 3/1, 3/15 and 3/30). Data were submitted to a joint analysis, and the ! interaction decompositions were made when verified significance. Based on the results obtained, it can be concluded that early season second crop growing is a valid strategy for obtaining a good agronomical performance and better productivity in off-season corn sowing. The sticcession of early soybean/early corn in the off-season is a potentially viable alterhative for the west region of Paraná State, as long as the soybean sowing is done by the first half of October and the second crop season corn is sown in tbe first half of February. RESUMO. Desempenho agronómico e produtividade na sucessâo soja -milho safrinha.O objetivo dp presente trabalho foi avaliar a influencia do cultivo em sucessâo da soja com o milho safririha, em diferentes épocas de semeadura, no desempenho agronómico das plantas e na produtividade de soja e milho. Utilizou-se o delineamento em blocos casualizados, com quatiro repetiçoes. O experimento foi realizado em dois anos agricolas, 2003/2004 e 2004/2005, utilizando as cultivares de soja CD 202, CD 215 e CD 216, semeadas em 15/9, 30/9, 15/10, 30/10 e 15/11. Em sucessâo utilizou-se très hibridos de milho (CD 305, CD 306 e CD 308) semeados em 30/01, 15/2, 1/3, 15/3, 30/3. Os dados coletados foram submetidos à análise de variância conjunta realizando desdobramentos das Lnteraçôes, quando constatado significancia. Com base nos restiltados encontrados, constatou-se qtie a antecipaçâo da semeadura da safrinha é uma estrategia válida para obtençâo de bom desempenho agronómico e de produtividade em semeaduras extemporáneas de milho. A sucessâo soja-milho eni safrinha é uma alternativa viável para a regiáo oeste do Estado do Paraná, desde que a semeadura da soja seja realizada na primeira quinzena de outubro e a do milho safrinha na primeira quinzena de fevereiro.Palavras-chave: semeadura antecipada do milho, adversidade climática, cultivares, híbridos.

Soybean-corn succession according to seeding date

“…The practice of sowing early cultivars in this period has increased in order to prepare for the corn crop in succession planting. However, the results of the present study and those of Braccini et al (2010) indicate the need for caution in adopting this practice.…”

“…Since the BRS 360 RR cultivar belonged to maturity groups 6.0 and earlier, the crop sown in September had relatively low yield potential even when there was adequate water supply. Braccini et al (2010) reported that early cultivars sown during (1) p-value of the F-test.…”

“…This scheme is very practical when corn succession is planned because the crop can grow in a season with relatively high rainfall and low risk of frost in regions prone to it. In this way, the adverse effects of climate are reduced and the productive potential increases (Braccini et al, 2010;Souza et al, 2015). This scenario differs significantly from that of fixed-growth soybean genotypes, which have longer life cycles and must be sown during the last ten days of October.…”

“…In Mato Grosso do Sul, for example, the production area increased from 830,000 to 1,610,000 ha between 2010(Acompanhamento…, 2016. The average yield rose from 4,000 to 6,000 kg ha -1 during Pesq.…”

Soybean Seeds Produced in Out Season in West of Paraná State – Brazil

“…Based on this, research has been done in most of the principal soybean producing states in Brazil with the objective of comparing the quality of seed produced in later periods to that sowed conventionally (in October/ November) and, also, the productivity of different cultivars. Studies by Pereira et al (1979), Motta et al (2002), Ávila et al (2003), Dallacort et al (2008), Braccini et al (2010) in Paraná state; Paolinelli et al (1984) in Minas Gerais; Tragnago & Bonetti (1984) in Rio Grande do Sul; Nakagawa et al (1983Nakagawa et al ( , 1984Nakagawa et al ( , 1986 in São Paulo; Pereira et al (2000) in Goiás; Costa et al (1995) in Mato Grosso, evaluated both the quality and the productivity of soybean seed sown at different times (October to December), using different cultivars with groups having a distinct maturation (early, medium and latematuring varieties). Most of the authors cited previously mentioned that the seed quality of early-maturing cultivars, grown during the spring-summer period, is normally inferior to that of latematuring cultivars, grown during the same period.…”