Agronomic treatments to avoid seed presence in ‘Nadorcott’ mandarin I. Effect on in vivo pollen tube growth

Garmendia, Alfonso; García‐Breijo, Francisco J.; Reig, José Luis Peset; Raigón, María Dolores; Beltrán, Roberto; Zornoza, Carlos; Cebrián, Nuria; Merlé, Hugo

doi:10.1016/j.scienta.2021.110760

Cited by 4 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…The results showed that the elemental sulfur treatment inhibited pollen tube growth by 94-100%. The saccharose treatment seemed to stimulate pollen tube growth, but with no statistically significant differences with the positive control [13]. These are very promising laboratory results because previous attempts have not been effective.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…In this experiment, treatments corresponded to laboratory-tested products from a previous study carried out by the research team [13]. Products were initially selected to modify the physico-chemical characteristics of stigma secretion, such as viscosity or pH, of Nadorcott flowers to, thus, prevent pollen tube growth.…”

Section: Treatmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nowadays, available techniques to reduce seed number per fruit in traditional mandarins are ineffective or too expensive [12,13]. The most effective horticultural technique followed to reduce seed number per fruit is net covering [12,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For all these reasons, we started our research work to find new treatments capable of reducing seed number in traditional seedy varieties, more specifically in Nadorcott mandarin given its marked interest. In a first phase, the effect of seven products on pollen tube growth on Nadorcott stigmas was evaluated by the research team [13]. The results showed that the elemental sulfur treatment inhibited pollen tube growth by 94-100%.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similarly, copper sulfate (CuSO 4 • 5H 2 O) [15], and products based on Capsicum annuum L. and zinc, have been initially proposed, but their effectiveness is poor [12,19,20]. Therefore, the next phase for our research team was to test these promising laboratory results [13] under field conditions. For this second phase, the research questions were: (i) to what extent do these products reduce seed number when applied to whole trees?…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Agronomic treatments to avoid presence of seeds in Nadorcott mandarin II. Effect on seed number per fruit and yield

et al. 2022

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Nadorcott is a well-established and appreciated mandarin by the fresh market. However, it produces seeds due to cross-pollination with other compatible varieties, which is quite frequent in most producing countries. Consumers prefer seedless mandarins and, therefore, citrus growers need techniques to avoid seeds forming. This study aims to evaluate the effect of six treatments (ammonium nitrate, potassium nitrate, sulfur, saccharose, methylcellulose, callose) on seed number per fruit when applied to Nadorcott trees. In this way, we evaluate which of them is more efficient and can be used in the future as an agronomic treatment to avoid seeds in mandarins. The effect of treatments on yield and fruit quality is also reported. To fulfill this main objective, a randomized complete block design experiment with three applications at flowering was performed on trees. Of the six tested treatments, only elemental sulfur was able to significantly reduce seed number by 87% compared to the positive control. This is a very novel result because it is the first time that such an effective treatment has been found. The biggest seed number per fruit was obtained for the saccharose treatment. Treatments did not significantly influence yield or fruit quality. These results are entirely consistent with a previous study that evaluated the effect of the same products on pollen tube growth, and they can help to develop new techniques. Nevertheless, more studies are necessary to test, for example, different treatment doses.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Section: Treatmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Agronomic treatments to avoid presence of seeds in Nadorcott mandarin II. Effect on seed number per fruit and yield

et al. 2022

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Effect of Some Treatments on Seeds Number, Yield and Fruit Quality of Acidless Orange Tree "Succarri" (Citrus sinensis L.)

Abo El-Enin,

El-Zawily,

Galal

2024

AJAS

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Seedless fruits are preferable for fresh consumption. The acidless orange cultivar "Succarri" contains a lot of seeds, reaching over 20 seeds/ fruit under normal conditions. The present investigation was conducted to assess the impact of three recommended treatments for reducing citrus seed formation, including Cover (net covering), InsRep (natural insect repellent based on hot pepper) and SulfurGA (25 mg L −1 CuSO4.5H2O + 50 mg L −1 GA3), as well as their combinations as a trial to reduce seeds in "Succarri" orange fruits. Foliar applications were conducted three times at 25, 60, and 90% of opened flowers during the two successive growing seasons of 2021 and 2022. The results revealed that using SulfurGA alone or combined with InsRep resulted in the highest fruit weight, fruit number, and overall yield per tree throughout both seasons. The highest SSC were recorded with SulferGA and InsRep separately as well as their combination in 2021 and with SulferGA alone and SulferGA+ InsRep in 2022. The application of SulfurGA increased the percentage of incomplete seeds in both seasons and decreased the average number of seeds/ fruit from 20 to 18 in the first season and from 23 to 20 in the second one. The lowest average seed number in both seasons (around 16 seeds/ fruit) was recorded with Cover. Total and incomplete seed numbers per fruit are correlated to the viability percentage of pollen grains in treated flowers. The obtained results suggested a hypothesis that seed formation in "Succarri" oranges depends on self-pollination more than crosspollination.

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Ultrastructural Evidence Elucidates the Mode of Action of Sulfur in Preventing Pollen Tube Development in Stigma of Citrus cv. Nadorcott and Other Horticultural Species

et al. 2023

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Citrus species have a “wet”-type stigma with abundant exudate, and their style contains numerous canals. For successful seed formation, the process includes pollen grain germination on the stigma, pollen tube development and growth through the stigma and style and, ultimately, successful ovule fertilization. However, preventing the fertilization process can be useful for many agronomic and plant-breeding purposes, such as seedless fruits or for developing new varieties. Several studies have recently shown the inhibition effect of sulfur on pollen tube development inside the Nadorcott mandarin stigma and its effective application to obtain seedless mandarins. However, when applied to the stigma, how can sulfur inhibit pollen tube growth? Moreover, does sulfur have the same effect on other species? The main objective of the present study is to clarify the mode of action of sulfur on the ultrastructure of the Nadorcott mandarin stigma and style. To fulfill this goal, untreated flowers and flowers treated with sulfur were pollinated 24 h later. The treated and untreated stigmas were analyzed and compared with several microscopy techniques. The main results showed that sulfur specifically caused an alteration to the outer layer of stigma papillary cells. This marked alteration resulted in papillary cells losing their functionality due to the deterioration and degradation of their cellular structure. Basal papillae, the stigmatic tissue and stylar canals also underwent major alteration. Sulfur also modified the quantity and uniformity distribution of the stigmatic exudate. All these alterations collectively prevented pollen tube development inside the stigma. These effects have been observed in several Citrus species and varieties, and in some other horticultural species, which suggests a generic (non species-specific) action.

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Agronomic treatments to avoid seed presence in ‘Nadorcott’ mandarin I. Effect on in vivo pollen tube growth

Cited by 4 publications

References 24 publications

Agronomic treatments to avoid presence of seeds in Nadorcott mandarin II. Effect on seed number per fruit and yield

Agronomic treatments to avoid presence of seeds in Nadorcott mandarin II. Effect on seed number per fruit and yield

Effect of Some Treatments on Seeds Number, Yield and Fruit Quality of Acidless Orange Tree "Succarri" (Citrus sinensis L.)

Ultrastructural Evidence Elucidates the Mode of Action of Sulfur in Preventing Pollen Tube Development in Stigma of Citrus cv. Nadorcott and Other Horticultural Species

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