Air pollution from ships in three Danish ports

Saxe, Henrik; Larsen, Torben

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2004.03.055

Cited by 203 publications

(87 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…There is a statistically significant increase in NO x and CO concentrations during the strike compared to pre-as well as poststrike period (Po0.001). High amounts of NO x and CO emissions from ships have been observed in previous studies (Corbett and Fischbeck 1997;Cooper, 2003;Sinha et al, 2003;Saxe and Larsen, 2004). These emissions have been reported to be more pronounced when the ships are at berth and idling (Cooper, 2003).…”

Section: Long Beach October 2002 Strike Analysismentioning

confidence: 56%

Seasonal and spatial trends in particle number concentrations and size distributions at the children's health study sites in Southern California

Singh

Phuleria

Bowers

et al. 2005

J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol

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Section: Long Beach October 2002 Strike Analysismentioning

confidence: 56%

Seasonal and spatial trends in particle number concentrations and size distributions at the children's health study sites in Southern California

Singh

Phuleria

Bowers

et al. 2005

J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol

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“…Aged organics and V-Ni bearing sources showed the highest SAE at MSY (2.2 and 2.4 respectively) and MSA (3.6 and 2.2), pointing to a predominance of fine particles within these sources. Previous studies have demonstrated the strong contribution from shipping emissions to fine aerosols , and especially to ultrafine particles (Saxe and Larsen, 2004). As reported in Table 2 for both MSY and MSA, the SAE of secondary sulfate (1.9 and 1.8) and secondary nitrate (1.2 and 1.4) sources was lower compared to the SAE of the aged organics source.…”

Section: Sae and Ssa Of Aerosol Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 71%

Impact of aerosol particle sources on optical properties in urban, regional and remote areas in the north-western Mediterranean

Ealo

Alastuey

Pérez³

et al. 2018

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract. Further research is needed to reduce the existing uncertainties on the effect that specific aerosol particle sources have on light extinction and consequently on climate. This study presents a new approach that aims to quantify the mass scattering and absorption efficiencies (MSEs and MAEs) of different aerosol sources at urban (Barcelona – BCN), regional (Montseny – MSY) and remote (Montsec – MSA) background sites in the north-western (NW) Mediterranean. An analysis of source apportionment to the measured multi-wavelength light scattering (σsp) and absorption (σap) coefficients was performed by means of a multilinear regression (MLR) model for the periods 2009–2014, 2010–2014 and 2011–2014 at BCN, MSY and MSA respectively. The source contributions to PM10 mass concentration, identified by means of the positive matrix factorization (PMF) model, were used as dependent variables in the MLR model. With this approach we addressed both the effect that aerosol sources have on air quality and their potential effect on light extinction through the determination of their MSEs and MAEs. An advantage of the presented approach is that the calculated MSEs and MAEs take into account the internal mixing of atmospheric particles. Seven aerosol sources were identified at MSA and MSY, and eight sources at BCN. Mineral, aged marine, secondary sulfate, secondary nitrate and V-Ni bearing sources were common at the three sites. Traffic, industrial/metallurgy and road dust resuspension sources were isolated at BCN, whereas mixed industrial/traffic and aged organics sources were identified at MSY and MSA. The highest MSEs were observed for secondary sulfate (4.5 and 10.7 m2 g−1, at MSY and MSA), secondary nitrate (8.8 and 7.8 m2 g−1) and V-Ni bearing source (8 and 3.5 m2 g−1). These sources dominated the scattering throughout the year with marked seasonal trends. The V-Ni bearing source, originating mainly from shipping in the area under study, simultaneously contributed to both σsp and σap, being the second most efficient light-absorbing source in BCN (MAE = 0.9 m2 g−1). The traffic source at BCN and the industrial/traffic at MSY exhibited the highest MAEs (1.7 and 0.9 m2 g−1). These sources were major contributors to σap at BCN and MSY; however at MSA, secondary nitrate exerted the highest influence on σap (MAE = 0.4 m2 g−1). The sources which were predominantly composed of fine and relatively dark particles, such as industrial/traffic, aged organics and V-Ni, were simultaneously characterized by low single scattering albedo (SSA) and a high scattering Ångström exponent (SAE). Conversely, mineral and aged marine showed the lowest SAE and the highest SSA, being scattering the dominant process in the light extinction. The good agreement found between modelled and measured particle optical properties allowed the reconstruction of σsp and σap long-term series over the period 2004–2014 at MSY. Significant decreasing trends were found for the modelled σsp and σap (−4.6 and −4.1 % yr−1).

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“…), which are indicated in Table 1. 27 Gothenburg, Antwerp, etc.) have started to introduce specific measures and policies to 4 directly address GHG emissions (through the reduced use of conventional fuel) and, 5 indirectly, to control local air pollutants since a significant share of emissions are 6 derived from the time the vessels remain in port (Gibbs et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating air emission inventories and indicators from cruise vessels at ports

Rodríguez

Martín-Alcalde²,

Murcia-González

et al. 2017

WMU J Marit Affairs

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1This paper provides an estimation of air emissions (CO 2 , NO X , SO X and PM) released 2 by cruise vessels at the port-level. The methodology is based on the "full bottom-up" 3 approach and starts by evaluating the fuel consumed by each vessel on the basis of its 4 individual port-activities (manoeuvring, berthing and hoteling). The Port of Barcelona 5 was selected as the site at which to perform the analysis, in which 125 calls of 30 6 cruise vessels were monitored. Real-time data from the Automatic Identification 7 System (AIS), factor emissions from engine certificates and vessel characteristics from 8 IHS-Sea web database were also collected for the analysis. The research findings 9show that the most appropriate indicators are inventory emissions per "port time-Gross 10 Tonnage", "port time-passenger" and "port-time". These emission indicators improve 11 our understanding of cruise emissions and will facilitate the work that aims to estimate 12 reliably and quickly the in-port ship emission inventories of cruise ports. 13 14

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Air pollution from ships in three Danish ports

Cited by 203 publications

References 8 publications

Seasonal and spatial trends in particle number concentrations and size distributions at the children's health study sites in Southern California

Seasonal and spatial trends in particle number concentrations and size distributions at the children's health study sites in Southern California

Impact of aerosol particle sources on optical properties in urban, regional and remote areas in the north-western Mediterranean

Evaluating air emission inventories and indicators from cruise vessels at ports

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