Air pollution, greenhouse gases and climate change: Global and regional perspectives

Ramanathan, V.; Feng, Yan

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2008.09.063

Cited by 788 publications

(407 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…When visibility drops below 10 km, the conditions are considered to be a haze event (Deng et al 2008;Wu et al 2005). Because atmospheric aerosol plays an important role in global and regional energy budgets, the recently increased incidence of heavy urban haze in China is indicative of the growing impact of urban aerosols on both air quality and climate (Engling and Gelencsér 2010;Ramanathan and Feng 2009;Seinfeld and Pandis 1998). Although a number of comparisons of simultaneous EC and BC measurements for urban or non-urban ambient aerosols have been reported (Lavanchy et al 1999;Li et al 2006;Salako et al 2012;Jeong et al 2004;Cyrys et al 2003;Nordmann et al 2009), studies specifically characterizing the EC/ BC relationship during a transition from normal air quality to heavy haze are rare.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of elemental and black carbon measurements during normal and heavy haze periods: implications for research

Zhi

Chen

Xue

et al. 2014

Environ Monit Assess

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Studies specifically addressing the elemental carbon (EC)/black carbon (BC) relationship during the transition from clean-normal (CN) air quality to heavy haze (HH) are rare but have important health and climate implications. The present study, in which EC levels are measured using a thermal-optical method and BC levels are measured using an optical method (aethalometer), provides a preliminary insight into this issue. The average daily EC concentration was 3.08±1.10 μg/m 3 during the CN stage but climbed to 11.77±2.01 μg/m 3 during the HH stage. More importantly, the BC/EC ratio averaged 0.92±0.14 during the CN state and increased to 1.88± 0.30 during the HH state. This significant increase in BC/ EC ratio has been confirmed to result partially from an increase in the in situ light absorption efficiency (σ ap ) due to an enhanced internal mixing of the EC with other species. However, the exact enhancement of σ ap was unavailable because our monitoring scheme could not acquire the in situ absorption (b ap ) essential for σ ap calculation. This reveals a need to perform simultaneous measurement of EC and b ap over a time period that includes both the CN and HH stages. In addition, the sensitivity of EC to both anthropogenic emissions and HH conditions implies a need to systematically study how to include EC complex (EC concentration, OC/EC ratio, and σ ap ) as an indicator in air quality observations, in alert systems that assess air quality, and in the governance of emissions and human behaviors.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of elemental and black carbon measurements during normal and heavy haze periods: implications for research

Zhi

Chen

Xue

et al. 2014

Environ Monit Assess

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“…Primary pollutant groups include oxide of nitrogen (NO x ), sulphur dioxide (SO 2 ), carbon monoxide (CO), particulate matter (PM), and other air pollutants which typically present together pollution that vary by location, source activity, season, weather and year [Ozcan, 2012]. Studies have revealed air pollution as one of the major contributors to health and environmental problems including global warming, ozone layer depletion, trans-boundary smoke transportation, and acid rain [Cohen et al, 2004;Cohen et al, 2005;Dyominov and Zadorozhny, 2005;Jain et al, 2008;Ramanathan and Feng, 2009]. Exposures to common air pollutants have been linked to a wide range of adverse health outcomes, including respiratory and cardiovascular diseases, asthma exacerbation, reduced lung function and premature death [Touloumi et al, 2004;Clougherty et al, 2008;Jain et al, 2008;USEPA, 2009;Gulliver and Briggs, 2011;WHO, 2011;Brezzi and Sanchez-Serra;.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping of Traffic-Related Air Pollution Using GIS Techniques in Ijebu-Ode, Nigeria

Adedeji

Oluwafunmilayo

Oluwaseun

2016

IJG

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Spatial and temporal characteristics of traffic related air pollutants (CO, NO, NO 2 and SO 2 ) in Ijebu-ode, Nigeria were determined using replicate portable gas detectors (Land Duo Multi Gas Monitor) at selected road junctions, motor garages and markets. Mapping of different concentration of air pollutants was carried out using kriging type of interpolation method in GIS environment. Concentration of CO ranges from 4.8 ppm at Erinlu/Molipa Roundabout to 137ppm on Sagamu/Ore Expressway. Concentrations of NO 2 range from 100-662 ppb with overall average value (OAV) of 299.8 ppb, while concentration of nitrogen oxide (NO) ranges between 67-302 ppb and OAV of 166.23 ppb. SO 2 had concentration ranging between 38-245 ppb and an OAV of 139.07 ppb all of which are above standard ambient air quality standards. AQI indicated very unhealthy air quality in most areas which calls for the need to establish and strengthen the health-based standard for air pollutants. Abstrak Karakteristik spasial dan temporal polutan udara terkait lalu lintas (CO, NO, NO 2 dan SO 2 ) di Ijebu-ode, Nigeria ditentukan dengan detektor gas portable replika (Land Duo Multi Gas Monitor) di persimpangan jalan yang dipilih, garasi bermotor dan pasar. Pemetaan berbagai konsentrasi polutan udara dilakukan dengan menggunakan jenis kriging dari metode interpolasi di GIS. Konsentrasi CO berkisar dari 4,8 ppm di bundaran Erinlu

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“…On a bench-scale level, pH control is usually performed by the addition of pure CO 2 from cylinders, whereas on a large-scale one, the CO 2 contained in industrial gaseous effluents could be used. It is well known that many industries eliminate this exhaust gases into the atmosphere being co-responsible for the greenhouse effect [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arthrospira (Spirulina) platensis cultivation in tubular photobioreactor: Use of no-cost CO2 from ethanol fermentation

et al. 2012

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Air pollution, greenhouse gases and climate change: Global and regional perspectives

Cited by 788 publications

References 70 publications

Comparison of elemental and black carbon measurements during normal and heavy haze periods: implications for research

Comparison of elemental and black carbon measurements during normal and heavy haze periods: implications for research

Mapping of Traffic-Related Air Pollution Using GIS Techniques in Ijebu-Ode, Nigeria

Arthrospira (Spirulina) platensis cultivation in tubular photobioreactor: Use of no-cost CO2 from ethanol fermentation

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