Airbag head restraint system

Latchford, J; Chirwa, E C

doi:10.1243/0954407001527385

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The roof airbag or head restraints aim to prevent head injuries. The head restraints can be in the form of a movable head rest that would come towards the driver or passenger's head due to the momentum during the crash [73]. The head restraints prevent the injuries of head and neck caused by the violent acceleration or deceleration of the vehicle.…”

Section: Other Airbagsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Airbags

et al. 2013

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In recent years, safety systems such as seat belts and airbags have been one of the fastgrowing sectors within the automotive industry. Seat belts and airbags have made driving substantially safer since their introduction. Airbags are safety systems used to cushion the driver or passenger during a collision and reduce bodily injuries. The technology involved in the manufacturing and working of airbags is complex. Since the early stages of development, airbag technology has been undergoing continual evolution in terms of design, materials and performance. Airbags are typically made from woven fabric, which may be coated or uncoated but must be impermeable to gases and flame resistant. In terms of their operation, modern airbags are smart restraint systems, which can tailor the deployment of the airbag according to the crash severity, body size of the occupant and proximity of the occupant to the airbag system prior to deployment. The future of airbags is extremely promising because there are many diverse applications ranging from motorcycle helmets to aircraft seating. In this article, an outline is given of the historical development of airbags and their value in saving lives is illustrated by supporting statistical data. The essential parameters required for airbag yarn and fabric components are discussed in detail. In addition, the processes involved in the manufacture, assembly and testing of airbag systems are explained. The mechanisms and chemical reactions involved in the deployment of different types of airbags are also discussed, and recent developments in airbag design and their possible future applications are reported.

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Section: Other Airbagsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Airbags

et al. 2013

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“…Schmitt et al [21]), novel head-restraint systems (e.g. Latchford et al [22]), research for the influence of sitting position (e.g. Latchford et al [23]) and/or energy absorbing car seats (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Importance of intervertebral displacement for whiplash investigations

Bumberger

Acar

Bouazza-Marouf

2019

International Journal of Crashworthiness

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It is often reported that the physiological rotational limits of adjacent vertebrae in the cervical spine are exceeded in rear-end accidents which play a significant role in Whiplash Associated Disorders (WAD). This paper presents the first analysis of existing experimental and computational intervertebral displacement research. Existing techniques to capture intervertebral displacement in experimental studies can be grouped into three methods: visual targets method, electronic sensors method and X-Ray method. The analysis of intervertebral displacements has led to the development of the intervertebral neck injury criterion (IV-NIC); it has also shown an upward shift of the C5C6 instantaneous axis of rotation and that the flexion changes to extension point between C2 and C4. Furthermore, it is also shown that when a computational model is validated only for the head kinematics, it should not be assumed that the model provides good neck kinematics. Lastly, current rear-impact dummies are incapable of providing true neck kinematics.

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