Airborne electromagnetic hydrocarbon mapping in Mozambique

Pfaffhuber, Andreas Aspmo; Monstad, Ståle; Rudd, Jonathan

doi:10.1071/eg09011

Cited by 22 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…It branches off and dips to the north-northeast until the volcanic "high" referred to as coast-parallel volcanic dykes (Reeves, 2000) or near coast basalt (Raillard, 1990) Cox, 1992) and the East Africa Rift System (EARS) consisting of the Chissenga and Urema Graben Systems. The EARS initiated in the Ethiopian Plateau at around 30e35 Ma, propagating towards south with a spreading rate of 2.5e5 cm/year (Steinbruch, 2010) after the reactivation of the old Mesozoic rift (Pfaffhuber et al, 2009). In Mozambique the EARS is manifested in the NortheSouth-trending Urema Graben, which crosses the Lower Zambezi Graben (along the Zambezi River).…”

Section: Gondwana Break-up and The Initiation Of Sea-floor Spreadingmentioning

confidence: 99%

A geotectonic history of the northern Mozambique Basin including the Beira High – A contribution for the understanding of its development

Mahanjane¹

2012

Marine and Petroleum Geology

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Section: Gondwana Break-up and The Initiation Of Sea-floor Spreadingmentioning

confidence: 99%

A geotectonic history of the northern Mozambique Basin including the Beira High – A contribution for the understanding of its development

Mahanjane¹

2012

Marine and Petroleum Geology

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“…To be more precise, the total gamma radiation produced is not necessarily high above hydrocarbon accumulations. Only concentrations (or better the activity) of radon-222, the gaseous radionuclide in the nuclear decay chain of uranium-235, are typically higher in soils above petroleum fields (Gott and Hill 1953;Foote 1969;Gingrich 1984;Pfaffhuber et al 2009). The relative concentration of different radionuclides, whose behaviour (and migration capability) is different in relation to the redox conditions in rocks, is important.…”

Section: Radiometric Surveysmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Radioactivity induced by radionuclide precipitation or transport (e.g., radon) by hydrocarbons (Foote, 1969;Gingrich, 1984;Tedesco, 1995;Pfaffhuber et al, 2009) …”

Section: Metal Leachingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Detecting and Measuring Gas Seepage

Etiope

2015

Natural Gas Seepage

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This chapter provides a representative overview of current methodologies for detection of gas seepage on Earth's surface, both on land and in aquatic environments (rivers, lakes, oceans). Most of the techniques described can be utilised to discover gas seepage independent of the study objective (i.e. whether for petroleum exploration, geo-hazards, or environmental studies). Most of these techniques can also be used to measure anthropogenic gas leaks, such as fugitive emissions from petroleum production and distribution facilities. Applications to petroleum exploration, as well as related interpretative tools and limits, with references to microseepage detection, are discussed in Chap. 5.The goal of this chapter is not (and cannot be) an exhaustive manual or review for all of the currently available surface seepage prospecting methods. As outlined in the sections below, several traditional techniques have been described in review papers. Here, a synthetic and synoptic picture for several currently available methodologies is provided, including the latest techniques and capabilities offered by new generation instruments. The discussion provided here focuses on direct gas detection methods. The use of gas seepage in petroleum exploration is outlined in Chap. 5. Indirect methods, including geophysical techniques and measurements of chemical, physical, or microbiological parameters in soils, water, rocks, or vegetation, modified by the presence of hydrocarbons, are briefly illustrated. Specific references, as well as a few case histories, are provided for those interested in a deeper reading of the technical details of sensing principles and instrumentation design. The detection of oil is not the objective of this book. Gas Detection MethodsAs illustrated in Fig. 4.1, gas seepage can be detected above the ground (atmospheric measurements), in the ground (soils and well head-space), and in water bodies (shallow aquifers, springs, rivers, bogs, lakes, and seas). Several of the methodologies are visually reviewed in the tree diagram shown in Fig. 4.2.

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“…The principal applications are mining exploration (Smith et al, 2010;Wolfgram and Golden, 2001), subsurface hydrology (Danielsen et al, 2003;Baldridge et al, 2007;Auken et al, 2009;Siemon et al, 2009;Kirkegaard et al, 2011) and on-shore hydrocarbon exploration (Huang and Rudd, 2008;Pfaffhuber et al, 2009). AEM data are often interpreted using apparent conductivity transforms (Wolfgram and Karlik, 1995;Macnae et al, 1998), equivalent plate inversion (Keating and Crossley, 1990;Tartaras et al, 2000;Zhdanov et al, 2002), diffusion velocity analysis (Eaton and Hohmann, 1987), Zohdy's method (Zohdy, 1989;Sattel, 2005) or layered earth inversion (Huang and Palacky, 1991;Chen and Raiche, 1998;Farquharson et al, 1999;Christensen, 2002;Viezzoli et al, 2008;Vallee and Smith, 2009;Guillemoteau et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fast approximate 2D inversion of airborne TEM data: Born approximation and empirical approach

2012

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Airborne transient electromagnetic surveying provides data sections with a sufficient coverage to perform 2D imaging of electrical conductivity within the ground. Full 2D inversion using numerical modeling with finite differences or finite elements is still a time-consuming method to process the large amount of data acquired during an airborne survey. 2D structures increase the complexity of eddy current patterns within the ground. Consequently, fast approximate imaging using 2D sensitivities of equivalent homogeneous media is not sufficient and causes strong artefacts in the resulting model. To overcome this problem, one prefers to use 1D inversion or 3D inversion using local sensitivity to process this kind of data. However, we consider a fast 2D inversion to be reachable. By estimating numerically the 2D sensitivity caused by 2D perturbations and showing that it differs considerably from the ones derived from homogeneous media, we propose an empirical model for in-loop configuration which describes the numerical 2D sensitivity. By applying this method to synthetic data, we show that it eliminates 2D artefacts which are often encountered when using approximate inverse methods based on the theory of equivalent homogeneous halfspace. An application to real in-loop data illustrates this improvement for imaging a dipping layer of conductive graphite deposits in Canada. This method is relatively fast. It could provide a better understanding of the ground during the survey and would allow geophysicists to better manage the whole campaign.

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Airborne electromagnetic hydrocarbon mapping in Mozambique

Cited by 22 publications

References 10 publications

A geotectonic history of the northern Mozambique Basin including the Beira High – A contribution for the understanding of its development

A geotectonic history of the northern Mozambique Basin including the Beira High – A contribution for the understanding of its development

Detecting and Measuring Gas Seepage

Fast approximate 2D inversion of airborne TEM data: Born approximation and empirical approach

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