Airway Pharmacology

Ball, D. R.; McGuire, Barry

doi:10.1016/b978-1-4377-2764-7.00006-3

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 383 publications

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“…[11][12] Fentanyl as a rapid acting opioid was proven to be effective as an agent to suppress airway reflex during induction with desflurane. 13 Meanwhile glycopyrrolate with its potency will reduce respiratory tract secretion. 11 Combination of both together with nitrous oxide will provide satisfactory inhalational induction with desflurane and will lessen the incidence of airway irritation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Glycopyrrolate to Support Fentanyl on Reducing Airway Irritation during Inhalation Induction with Desflurane and Nitrous Oxide in Adult Patients

Mulyawan,

Aurelia

2024

Pharmacogn J.

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Introduction: Inhalational induction of anesthesia is occasionally used in adults. Desflurane is not used for the induction of anesthesia despite its favorable pharmacokinetic characteristics as it causes airway irritation. This study aims to identify a reduction of airway irritation with pretreatment using fentanyl and glycopyrrolate. Methods: A total of 80 adults were randomized into two groups to receive fentanyl and glycopyrrolate (FG group) or fentanyl only (FS group) prior to desflurane administration. Time between desflurane administration and loss of consciousness was recorded as well as expired desflurane concentration. Signs of airway irritation including coughing, apnea, laryngospasm, and excitatory movements at time of induction was also recorded. Unpaired t test, Fisher's Exact test, and Chi-square test were used to analyze parametric data and all non-parametric data was analyzed using the Mann-Whitney test. Results: This study found time to loss of consciousness was 4 minutes. Incidence of airway irritation in Group FS vs FG including cough, apnea, excitatory movements, and laryngospasm was (20% vs 2.5%), (0% vs 0%), (5% vs 5%), and (7.5% vs 0%) respectively. Total airway irritation was 32.5% in FS compared to 7.5% in FG, with P value 0.0103. Conclusion: Use of fentanyl and glycopyrrolate decreases airway irritation incidence caused by desflurane in comparison to use of fentanyl alone. This opens the possibility to commonly use desflurane as inhalation induction of anesthesia as its favorable pharmacokinetics may be utilized whilst limiting the adverse effects it causes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Glycopyrrolate to Support Fentanyl on Reducing Airway Irritation during Inhalation Induction with Desflurane and Nitrous Oxide in Adult Patients

Mulyawan,

Aurelia

2024

Pharmacogn J.

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High‐Strength and Injectable Supramolecular Hydrogel Self‐Assembled by Monomeric Nucleoside for Tooth‐Extraction Wound Healing

et al. 2022

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Hydrogels with high mechanical strength and injectability have attracted extensive attention in biomedical and tissue engineering. However, endowing a hydrogel with both properties is challenging because they are generally inversely related. In this work, by constructing a multi‐hydrogen‐bonding system, a high‐strength and injectable supramolecular hydrogel is successfully fabricated. It is constructed by the self‐assembly of a monomeric nucleoside molecular gelator (2‐amino‐2′‐fluoro‐2′‐deoxyadenosine (2‐FA)) with distilled water/phosphate buffered saline as solvent. Its storage modulus reaches 1 MPa at a concentration of 5.0 wt%, which is the strongest supramolecular hydrogel comprising an ultralow‐molecular‐weight (MW < 300) gelator. Furthermore, it exhibits excellent shear‐thinning injectability, and completes the sol–gel transition in seconds after injection at 37 °C. The multi‐hydrogen‐bonding system is essentially based on the synergistic interactions between the double NH2 groups, water molecules, and 2′‐F atoms. Furthermore, the 2‐FA hydrogel exhibits excellent biocompatibility and antibacterial activity. When applied to rat molar extraction sockets, compared to natural healing and the commercial hemorrhage agent gelatin sponge, the 2‐FA hydrogel exhibits faster degradation and induces less osteoclastic activity and inflammatory infiltration, resulting in more complete bone healing. In summary, this study provides ideas for proposing a multifunctional, high‐strength, and injectable supramolecular hydrogel for various biomedical engineering applications.

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Evaluation of the possibilities of using albumin microspheres for radioaerosol study of the deposition of inhaled substances and mucociliary clearance

Kobylyansky,

Chechetkina

2024

Radiac. gig. (2008)

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The need to study and evaluate the leading protective mechanisms of the respiratory system remains one of the key, but unresolved problems of modern medicine, concerning both radiation hygiene and toxicology, and pulmonology. The model of the respiratory tract presented by the ICRP only partially addresses them, significantly limiting the feasibility and possibilities of its use. The solution of this problem undoubtedly contributes to the improvement of methods of prevention and treatment from the effects of incorporative radionuclides entering by inhalation, as well as methods for diagnosing and treating respiratory diseases aimed at the earliest stages of their pathogenesis, given that the processes of deposition of inhaled substances and lung clearance directly depend both therapeutic and pathogenic effects. This is especially relevant when there is a danger of contamination with radioactive waste, when there is an urgent need to deal with highly pathogenic influence and its consequences. The most informative method for studying the processes of deposition inhalant and mucociliary clearance is radioaerosol. However, due to the circumstances, there are no radiopharmaceuticals that could be used for such a study since the 2000s, which prompted us to carry out this work. At the same time, albumin microspheres labeled with 99mTc are considered potentially suitable, but not studied radiopharmaceuticals in this regard. The aim of the work was to study the aerodynamic properties of albumin microspheres and evaluate the possibilities of their use for radioaerosol study of the processes of deposition of inhaled substances and mucociliary clearance. The aerodynamic properties of albumin micro[1]spheres were studied using optical and scanning electron microscopy by studying their dry dispersion, initial and obtained from its suspension in distilled water, generated by an ultrasonic inhaler according to the developed technology. The results indicated that the dispersible particles were characterized by sphericity, clear boundary differentiation and a relatively homogeneous distribution of particles with a relatively narrow size range (spread 1-2.5 µm) and little conglomeration, as well as a smooth surface. Conclusion. The investigated albumin microspheres are suitable for radioaerosol study of the processes of deposition of inhaled substances and mucociliary clearance.

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Airway Pharmacology

Cited by 3 publications

References 383 publications

The Effect of Glycopyrrolate to Support Fentanyl on Reducing Airway Irritation during Inhalation Induction with Desflurane and Nitrous Oxide in Adult Patients

The Effect of Glycopyrrolate to Support Fentanyl on Reducing Airway Irritation during Inhalation Induction with Desflurane and Nitrous Oxide in Adult Patients

High‐Strength and Injectable Supramolecular Hydrogel Self‐Assembled by Monomeric Nucleoside for Tooth‐Extraction Wound Healing

Evaluation of the possibilities of using albumin microspheres for radioaerosol study of the deposition of inhaled substances and mucociliary clearance

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