Alcohol and other psychoactive substances in Africa and the Americas: results from the WHO Global School-based Student Health Survey

Fuhr, Daniela C.; Fleischmann, Alexandra; Riley, Leanne; Kann, Laura; Poznyak, Vladimir

doi:10.3109/14659891.2013.824038

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Alcohol was found to be the commonest substance of abuse from this study. This supports what has been reported by Fuhr et al for Africa and Americas 21 and Oye-Adeniran et al for Nigeria. 22 Similar to a report from Cape Town, South Africa, where cannabis was reported as the most commonly abused substance, 23 cannabis (marijuana) use in Ikenne LGA was also found to be common.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Perception of Substance Abuse Amongst Adolescents and Young Adults in Ikenne Local Government, Ogun State, Nigeria

Alabi

Runsewe-Abiodun

Ogunowo³

2020

Int Q Community Health Educ

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Substance abuse describes the unsafe use of psychoactive substances. It leads to dependence on the abused substance with subsequent development of health disorders and mortality. Globally, millions of adolescents and young adults from low and middle income countries are prone to substance abuse with consequent far reaching impact on national development. This study was done to assess the perception of substance abuse amongst the adolescents and young adults in Ikenne local government area, Ogun State, Nigeria. A cross sectional descriptive qualitative study was conducted. Information was gathered via nine focus group discussions. Systematic Analysis of data was done. Ninety-three youths (31 males and 62 females) aged 19.5 ± 3.9 years participated. Majority of the participants showed high level of awareness on substance abuse and its effects. They stated that it was commonplace in the community, with peer pressure being the major influencing factor. Alcohol was perceived to be the commonest abused substance. Others include cigarettes, marijuana and codeine. None were aware of existing laws against substance abuse. The major factor responsible for the negative perception in the abuse of substance was peer influence and low level of awareness of the National regulations on substance abuse. It is recommended that more education, increase in awareness of the national regulations and peer-modelling technique should be strengthened within the community to correct the negative perception by these group of people.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Perception of Substance Abuse Amongst Adolescents and Young Adults in Ikenne Local Government, Ogun State, Nigeria

Alabi

Runsewe-Abiodun

Ogunowo³

2020

Int Q Community Health Educ

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“…A similar prevalence is observed by GSHS for males in American Samoa and Kiribati. The variation in current alcohol use prevalence among Pacific youth is more similar to that reported by GSHS for nine African countries, which ranged from 4.0% in males and 2.0% in females in Senegal, to 62.1% in males and 61.2% in females in the Seychelles [56].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

“…GSHS results from several countries of the Americas revealed that current alcohol use prevalence among 13‐ to 15‐year‐olds was around 40%, with minimal difference between males and females [56]. A similar prevalence is observed by GSHS for males in American Samoa and Kiribati.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Alcohol use in the Pacific region: Results from the STEPwise approach to surveillance, Global School‐Based Student Health Survey and Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System

Kessaram

McKenzie

Girin

et al. 2015

Drug and Alcohol Review

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Introduction and AimsAlcohol use is a leading risk factor for disease and injury in Pacific Island countries and territories (PICT). This paper examines drinking patterns across 20 PICTs.Design and MethodsWe synthesised published data from the STEPwise approach to surveillance or similar surveys for adults 25–64 years, and from the Global School‐Based Student Health surveys and Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (YRBSS) for youth. We examined current and heavy drinking, and for adults also frequency of consumption. Using YRBSS, we studied trends in youth alcohol use in US‐affiliated PICTs between 2001 and 2013.ResultsAlcohol consumption in adults and youth varied considerably across PICTs. In eight PICT populations, over 60% of male adults were current drinkers. Male adults consumed alcohol more frequently and engaged in heavy drinking more than female adults. Similar gender differences occurred in current and heavy drinking among youth. Across 10 PICTs, current drinking prevalence in males 13–15 years ranged from 10% to over 40%. Declines in alcohol use among grade 9–12 students were observed in YRBSS, although the magnitude differed by island and sex.Discussion and ConclusionsAlcohol consumption varies widely between PICTs. There are marked gender differences in use and abstention. There is scope in PICTs for implementation of best practice strategies to reduce alcohol‐related harm. These need to be gender responsive and cognisant of concerning patterns of youth drinking. Strengthening surveillance of alcohol use and its consequences is vital to inform and monitor the impact of national and regional policies. [Kessaram T, McKenzie J, Girin N, Roth A, Vivili P, Williams G, Hoy D. Alcohol use in the Pacific region: Results from the STEPwise approach to surveillance, Global School‐Based Student Health Survey and Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System. Drug Alcohol Rev 2016;35:412–423]

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“…Alcohol and other drug (AOD) use among adolescents is a significant global public health threat (Fuhr et al, 2013). In regions of the world where young people are living in poverty, AOD use is reaching epidemic levels, including among adolescents living in peri-urban areas of South Africa (Reddy et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychosocial correlates of alcohol and other substance use among low-income adolescents in peri-urban Johannesburg, South Africa: A focus on gender differences

et al. 2016

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Alcohol and other drug use is prevalent among peri-urban, South African adolescents. We identified correlates of alcohol and other drug use by gender among adolescents (age = 16–18 years; N = 822) in peri-urban Johannesburg. Interviewer-administered surveys assessed sexual activity, alcohol and other drug use, and relevant psychosocial factors. In separate logistic regression models of alcohol and other drug use stratified by gender, violence exposure and sexual activity were associated with alcohol use for both males and females. For females only, depressive symptoms were associated with drug use. For males only, being older and sexually active were associated with drug use. Substance use interventions for South African adolescents should consider psychological health, sexual health, and tailoring by gender.

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Alcohol and other psychoactive substances in Africa and the Americas: results from the WHO Global School-based Student Health Survey

Cited by 8 publications

References 22 publications

Perception of Substance Abuse Amongst Adolescents and Young Adults in Ikenne Local Government, Ogun State, Nigeria

Perception of Substance Abuse Amongst Adolescents and Young Adults in Ikenne Local Government, Ogun State, Nigeria

Alcohol use in the Pacific region: Results from the STEPwise approach to surveillance, Global School‐Based Student Health Survey and Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System

Psychosocial correlates of alcohol and other substance use among low-income adolescents in peri-urban Johannesburg, South Africa: A focus on gender differences

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