Alcohol metabolism in hangover sensitive versus hangover resistant social drinkers

Mackus, Marlou; Lantman, Marith van Schrojenstein; Loo, Aurora J. A. E. van de; Kraneveld, Aletta D.; Garssen, Johan; Brookhuis, Karel; Verster, Joris C.

doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2017.11.040

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Whereas the majority of drinkers experiences hangovers following an evening of heavy alcohol consumption, a minority of drinkers claim to be hangover resistant [ 2 , 3 ]. Several studies have compared the characteristics of these two groups of drinkers [ 4 , 5 ], in order to further elucidate the pathology of the alcohol hangover. This is a potentially important avenue of research as individual differences in the typology of alcohol hangover may help to understand the pathology of alcohol hangover [ 6 , 7 ], and identify factors that may aggravate or lessen hangover severity [ 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of mental resilience and perceived immune functioning on the severity of alcohol hangover

et al. 2018

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ObjectiveRecent research comparing hangover sensitive drinkers with hangover resistant drinkers has revealed that experiencing alcohol hangovers is associated with significantly poorer self-reported immune functioning (p < 0.0001). No significant difference between the groups was found on mental resilience. The objective of the current survey was to examine the association between hangover severity, perceived immune status, and mental resilience. N = 341 Dutch students, all hangover sensitive drinkers, completed an online survey. The Brief Resilience Scale was completed, and perceived immune functioning and overall hangover severity for their latest past month hangover were assessed.ResultsStudents consumed a mean (SD) of 12.3 (5.9) alcoholic drinks the evening before their latest hangover. A significant positive association was found between mental resilience and perceived immune functioning (r = 0.372, p = 0.000). No significant associations of hangover severity were found with mental resilience (r = − 0.010, p = 0.858), or perceived immune functioning (r = − 0.025, p = 0.645). Previous research revealed that hangover resistant and hangover sensitive drinkers report having significantly different levels of immune functioning, and that the immune system is involved in the development of alcohol hangover. These findings suggest that levels of mental resilience and perceived immune functioning are not related to the severity of hangovers in hangover sensitive drinkers.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of mental resilience and perceived immune functioning on the severity of alcohol hangover

et al. 2018

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“…Data show that this claim heavily depends on how much alcohol drinkers consume, but even at higher eBAC levels a small proportion of drinkers claim not to have hangovers [27,28]. At the same time, other hangover research showed no significant differences between the two groups of drinkers on several biomarkers such as urine ethyl glucuronide (EtG) and ethyl sulfate (EtS) [57] or methanol [58], saliva cytokine levels [59], sensitivity to acute alcohol effects [60], demographics [31], or psychological characteristics such as mental resilience [61]. Additionally, the current study could not differentiate hangover-sensitive and hangover-resistant drinkers based on their dietary nutrient intake.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Nutrient Intake, Alcohol Metabolism, and Hangover Severity

Verster

Vermeulen

Loo

et al. 2019

JCM

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Several dietary components have been shown to influence alcohol metabolism and thereby potentially affect the development of a hangover. From the literature, it is evident that dietary nicotinic acid and zinc play a pivotal role in the oxidation of ethanol into acetaldehyde. The aim of the current study was to associate dietary intake of nicotinic acid and zinc with hangover severity. To this end, data from n = 23 healthy social drinkers who participated in a naturalistic hangover study were analyzed. n = 10 of them reported to be hangover-resistant (the control group), whereas n = 13 reported to have regular hangovers (the hangover-sensitive group). Two 24 h dietary recall records were completed, one for the day of alcohol consumption and another one for an alcohol-free control day. Dietary nutrient intake was averaged and did not significantly differ between hangover-sensitive and hangover-resistant drinkers. For the hangover-sensitive drinkers, partial correlations with overall hangover severity were computed, controlling for estimated blood alcohol concentration. A bootstrapping technique was applied to account for the relatively small sample size. The results showed that dietary intake of nicotinic acid (rPB = −0.521) and zinc (rPB = −0.341) were significantly and negatively associated (p < 0.002) with overall hangover severity. Dietary zinc intake was also significantly and negatively associated with severity of vomiting (rPB = −0.577, p < 0.002). No significant associations with hangover severity were found for other nutrients, such as fat and fibers. In conclusion, this study suggests that social drinkers who have a higher dietary intake of nicotinic acid and zinc report significantly less severe hangovers. As hangover-resistant and hangover-sensitive drinkers had a similar dietary nutrient intake, the claim of being hangover-resistant must be based on other unknown biopsychosocial factors. These findings should be replicated in a larger sample and include more elaborate food frequency questionnaires or nutrient-specific dietary intake records for zinc and nicotinic acid, and preferably accompanied by nutrient assessments in urine and/or blood.

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“…Data from n = 8 subjects that participated in both an acute alcohol challenge experiment [27] and a hangover study [23] were evaluated to determine if hangover severity was related to the ethanol elimination rate. Subjects were included if they were male or female healthy social drinkers between 18 and 30 years old, reported no physical or mental disease, and were non-alcoholic and/or nondependent drinkers.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The acute study [27] was a controlled experiment in which subjects completed an alcohol challenge to reach a peak BrAC of 0.05%. After arrival at the institute, participants consumed a standardized meal and body weight was determined.…”

Section: Study 1 Assessment Of Ethanol Elimination Rate-acute Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Association between Ethanol Elimination Rate and Hangover Severity

Mackus

Loo

Garssen

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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Assessments in blood and saliva suggests that the amount of ethanol present in the first hours after alcohol consumption and into the following morning is associated with hangover severity. The current analysis determines how ethanol elimination rate is related to hangover severity reported throughout the day. n = 8 subjects participated in two studies. The first was a naturalistic study comprising an evening of alcohol consumption. Hangover severity was assessed hourly from 10 a.m. to 4 p.m., using a 1-item hangover severity scale ranging from 0 (absent) to 10 (extreme). The second study comprised a highly controlled alcohol challenge to reach a breath alcohol concentration (BrAC) of 0.05%. Breathalyzer tests were conducted every 5 min until BrAC reached zero. The ethanol elimination rate, expressed in BrAC%/hour, was computed by dividing the peak BrAC (%) by the time to BrAC of zero (h). At 11:00, 13:00, and 14:00, there were significant negative partial correlations, controlling for estimated BrAC, between ethanol elimination rate and hangover severity. The findings suggest that drinkers with a faster ethanol elimination rate experience less severe hangovers. The observations should be confirmed in a larger sample of subjects who participate in a single study that assesses both hangover severity and ethanol elimination rate.

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Alcohol metabolism in hangover sensitive versus hangover resistant social drinkers

Cited by 11 publications

References 21 publications

Impact of mental resilience and perceived immune functioning on the severity of alcohol hangover

Impact of mental resilience and perceived immune functioning on the severity of alcohol hangover

Dietary Nutrient Intake, Alcohol Metabolism, and Hangover Severity

The Association between Ethanol Elimination Rate and Hangover Severity

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